The Forever Changing Economy :: essays research papers

The Forever Changing EconomyHow easy is it for smaller business men to fall upon the Aameri mountain dream.How to break out corporate domination. The question I pose to you is " Is theAmerican Dream still achievable?" The opportunity is there but for what selectfew is the opportunity gettable to. If the resources are out there but I canttap into the resources they rae of no use to me. (Make note of the fact that welive in a groceryplace economy.      proficient about every definition of the "market" in the dictionary connotesan oppurtunity as a place where goods are bought and sold.(cite dict.) As anabstraction, a market is the possibleness of sale. Goods " dress a market", and wesay there is is a market for a service or commodity when there is a demand forit, which pith it can and will be sold. Markets are opened to those who wantto sell and a convenience for those looking to purchase.(cite 2) The marketrepresents "conditions as regards, opportunity for, buying and selling".(cite 2)The market implies offering and choice. The way a market economy works is thatthere are market pressures that develop for different commodities. Thepressures work in ace caution for a while, but at the same time pressures arebudding that work in the opposite direction. As hatful look frontwards and opinetheres going to be some profit made from their production, theyll makedecisions to increase volume, usually hiring more people, buying more materials,often bidding up their prices. When people are competing in the same market,that tends to generate more and more pressure in the direction of expansion.But at the same time, as be and perchance interest rates rise, pressures beginto operate in the other direction, against profits.(cite 1) The public as awhole must get their fair dole out of the benefits. macroeconomic reforms shouldtranslate into a more efficient delivery of public services, equity, socialwelfare and social security.(cite 3)The Economic Policy Institute (EPI) has released its findings onAmerican animateness standards. The report, issued every other year on a declinethat begsn in the late-1970s. The EPIs report also contends that theAmericans are working more for less notes because of inert growth in wages since1989. According to the report, wages in the bottom 80% of men wee-wee declinedsince 1989. The report also contends that 20% of women have experient adecline in trsl esgrd dincr the 1980s, a period in which wages fell but familyincome change magnitude because of longer hours at work and increased battle ofThe Forever Changing Economy essays research papers The Forever Changing EconomyHow easy is it for smaller business men to achieve the Aamerican dream.How to stop corporate domination. The question I pose to you is " Is theAmerican Dream still achievable?" The opportunity is there but for what selectfew is the opportunity available to. If the resources ar e out there but I canttap into the resources they rae of no use to me. (Make note of the fact that welive in a market economy.     Just about every definition of the "market" in the dictionary connotesan oppurtunity as a place where goods are bought and sold.(cite dict.) As anabstraction, a market is the possibility of sale. Goods "find a market", and wesay there is is a market for a service or commodity when there is a demand forit, which means it can and will be sold. Markets are opened to those who wantto sell and a convenience for those looking to purchase.(cite 2) The marketrepresents "conditions as regards, opportunity for, buying and selling".(cite 2)The market implies offering and choice. The way a market economy works is thatthere are market pressures that develop for different commodities. Thepressures work in one direction for a while, but at the same time pressures arebudding that work in the opposite direction. As people look forward and seetheres going to be some profit made from their production, theyll makedecisions to increase volume, usually hiring more people, buying more materials,often bidding up their prices. When people are competing in the same market,that tends to generate more and more pressure in the direction of expansion.But at the same time, as costs and possibly interest rates rise, pressures beginto operate in the other direction, against profits.(cite 1) The public as awhole must get their fair share of the benefits. Macroeconomic reforms shouldtranslate into a more efficient delivery of public services, equity, socialwelfare and social security.(cite 3)The Economic Policy Institute (EPI) has released its findings onAmerican living standards. The report, issued every other year on a declinethat begsn in the late-1970s. The EPIs report also contends that theAmericans are working more for less money because of slow growth in wages since1989. According to the report, wages in the bottom 80% of men have declinedsince 1989. The report also contends that 20% of women have experienced adecline in trsl esgrd dincr the 1980s, a period in which wages fell but familyincome increased because of longer hours at work and increased participation of

Promoting Morality in the Aeneid and Metamorphoses Essay -- Comparison

Promoting Morality in the Aeneid and Metamorphoses Just as the authors of the Bible use an evocative, almost mythological vehicle to convey covenants and laws that set the moral noise for Hebrew and Christian societies, Latin poets Virgil and Ovid employ a similarly supernatural method to foster their own societal and moral goals in Roman society. Where Virgils Aeneid depicts Aeneas as the ideal, duty-bound Roman patriarch absent from the conflicted Rome of Virgils youth, Ovids Metamorphoses lacks the patriotic undert unrivaleds of Virgils epic. Instead, Ovids lighthearted Metamorphoses depicts several mythical stories - some not unlike the etiological justifications found in the early Hebrew scriptures - which chronicle the transitory nature of life and its effect on society. When Augustus defeated Marc Antony at Actium and began the first acts in his rule of what would be one of historys most powerful empires, he sought to restore the morality and patriotism characteristic of pre -civic-war Rome. The stolid Roman patriarch, thought lost in the melee of civil strife, became the center of Augustus propaganda and legislative campaign to once again bring honor and morality to his empire. It is from Virgils unfinished epic The Aeneid that this exemplary citizen arises, one who is not save a fierce warrior but foregoes personal happiness for the welfare of his country as well. Virgils unfinished epic - almost discarded by its author until Augustus intervened - not only serves to smooth over the violence and slaughter of the past civil wars by attributing them to the course of fate but also uses this strife as a instrumental role to carve Aeneas as an ideal patriarchal figure. All these images on Vulcans shield His mothers gif... ...y. 6 Oct. 1999 Gillis, Daniel. Eros and Death in the Aeneid. LERMA, di BRETDCHNEIDER, ROMA, 1983. Henry, Elisabeth. The Vigour of Prophecy, A Study of Virgils Aeneid. Bristol genuine Press, Great Britain, 1989. Lyne, R.O.A.M. Furth er Voices in Vergils Aeneid. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1987. Mandelbaum, Allen, trans. The Metamorphoses of Ovid. By Ovid. San Diego Harcourt Brace & company, 1993. Poschl, Viktor. The Art of Vergil, Image and Symbol in the Aeneid. Trans. Gerda Seligson, Greenwood Press, Connecticut 1986. Silvestris, Bernardus. Commentary on the First Six Books of Virgils Aeneid. Translated by Schreiber and Maresca. University of Nebraska Press. London, 1979. Quinn, Kenneth. Vergils Aeneid, A Critical Description. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London. 1968.

Good vs. Evil in John Gardners Grendel :: Grendel Essays

Good vs. Evil in John Gardners Grendel           John Gardners reinvigorated Grendel gives the reader a new perspective on the classic good vs. Evil plot.  From the start of the script the reader can tell that there is something very(prenominal) unique about the narrator.  It is evident that the narrator is a very observant being that can express himself in a very poetic manner.  The taradiddle is one the reader has most likely seen before, the battle between the glorious thanes and the evil beast.  In this case, however, the beast is the eyes and ears of the reader.  This, of course, forces the reader to analyze situations in the book in the same way that Grendel does.  By using this viewpoint, the author allows his readers to see the other side of the coin.  Therefore, throughout the course of the novel the reader is able to understand how important Grendel is in defining the humans.      &nb sp    Grendels first encounter with the human beings that he literally defines is not a pleasant one.  After accidentally trapping himself in a tree he is discovered by a group of thanes out on patrol.  Grendel expresses absolutely no hostile intentions towards these ridiculous (ch.2, pp.24) creatures that moved by clicks. (ch.2, pp.24)  The thanes do not understand what Grendel is and are very uneasy about the whole situation. Like animals they are frightened of anything that is different from what they are used to.  When Grendel attempts to fleet they show their ignorance and simple-mindedness.  Instead of taking the time to understand the anomaly in their world they panic and decide to destroy it.  Without being able to view the score from Grendels point of view the reader might assume that the humans had every right to assail.  Another example of the same type of simple-mindedness is their second premature attack on Grendel. A fter hearing the shapers words Grendel weeps, Mercy  Peac e(ch.4, pp.50) in the hopes of salvation from the god of these men.  The men, in a drunken state, merely misunderstand Grendels intentions and attack him formerly again.  Instead of killing the men, which would have been an easy task for the giant, Grendel escapes into the night.  This action alone defines the men as the beasts and Grendel as the victim.

The Negative Impact of the Media on Children and Adolescents Essay

Day in and day out an in-numerous amount of Americans lounge in their nourish chairs with snacks, drinks, and a remote in hand watching the next great television series. Some Americans, however, enjoy watching the daily news piece of music before work, school, or starting there day. The hope to receive the latest events, weather, and sports scores for the big games is welded in the minds of these individuals. The Medias influence has increased in surface as the development of technology rapidly goes up. With the invention of the radio, newspaper, television, and internet it is almost impossible to escape the grasp of the medias influence. More seriously technology and media has modify the younger generation more severely, as now it is almost impossible to tell a teenager to turn the television off or banish listening to that music. The Medias increasing influence has become a part of everyday teenage life, and the teenager and media have become inseparable. The role of media is to create idols, and images that multitude want to become more like. The media controls the amount of violence filtered and viewed by consumers, as well as the amount of tending certain celebrities get, and depending on the amount of attention results in whom the generation mimics. This magnitude of influence brings reasonable cause to worry as this generation is our future leaders. The Belief that media uses its influence positively not having a negative effect on the younger generations is not only a false notion but also media purposely uses its influence for wrong doing. It is important to notice that everything done by an individual is influenced by what that person witnessed and experienced. One of the most influential sources today is television. There are... ...s of all time. After the release of this picture show game the volunteer rate more than doubled.Works CitedBess, Marcus. Physical Activity interventions using mass media, print media, and information technology. American Journal of Preventive medicate (1998) 362-378. Print.Browne, Kevin. The influence of violence media on children and adolescents a public- health approah. I Review (2004). web.Steele, Jeanne. Adolescent room culture Studying media in the context of everyday life. SpringerLink (1995) 551-576. print.Watson, N. A. noisome or Fasionable? Young Peoples perceptions of smoking in the media. Oxford Journals (2002) 554-567. print.Wilson, Corliss. A content Analysis of Health an d physical activity messages marketed to african American Children During After-School television receiver Programming. Jama Pediatrics (2006). print.

Allegory Essay -- essays research papers

AllegoryPlatos The Allegory of the Cave is a short story specifically discussing the parallels between the shadows the prisoners sees on the wall of the countermine, and the illusion, which passes off as truth in todays society. The Allegory of the Cave is about Socrates teaching his student, Glaucon, certain principles of life by telling him one of his allegories. The Allegory of the Cave can be interpreted in many ways one way is to make a similitude between the story and the way of thinking by individuals in a closed society.Socrates states that the cave is a world many of us would like to see, only is not really how the world is. It is almost like the movie The Matrix, where Neo, the main character is to discover that the world he lives in, is not the real world, moreover a world generated by machines and computers. Only in Socrates allegory, the world is not created by computers, but by individual minds. Socrates wants Glaucon to be a wiser, better-educated man, who will b y and by become a ruler of the State. He wants him to know not only the right, but also experience the wrong, because only a man who knows the bad, can authentically understand and appreciate the good. Socrates does this by telling him a story, to let him better understand the principles of life. Men are chained down in a cave and have a wall blocking their view to the outer world. The prisoners can only see the shadows of the objects on the other side of the wall. If the prisoners see the shadows of the men ...

Allegory Essay -- essays research papers

AllegoryPlatos The Allegory of the Cave is a light story specifically discussing the parallels between the shadows the prisoners touchs on the wall of the cave, and the illusion, which passes off as truth in todays society. The Allegory of the Cave is about Socrates teaching his student, Glaucon, authorized principles of life by telling him one of his allegories. The Allegory of the Cave can be interpreted in piece of musicy ways one way is to wanton away a comparison between the story and the way of thinking by individuals in a closed society.Socrates states that the cave is a world many of us would like to see, but is non really how the world is. It is almost like the movie The Matrix, where Neo, the main character is to discover that the world he lives in, is not the real world, but a world generated by machines and computers. Only in Socrates allegory, the world is not created by computers, but by individual minds. Socrates wants Glaucon to be a wiser, better-educated man, who will later become a ruler of the State. He wants him to know not only the right, but also experience the wrong, because only a man who knows the bad, can truly understand and appreciate the good. Socrates does this by telling him a story, to let him better understand the principles of life. Men are chained down in a cave and have a wall blocking their view to the outer world. The prisoners can only see the shadows of the objects on the other side of the wall. If the prisoners see the shadows of the men ...

Psychological factors that affect performance in sports Essay

Competition in sports and the general proceeding of supporters in various competitive activities results in sum upd stress among the athletes. This increased stress makes the athlete to react mentally and physiologicly in a way that negatively affects the murder capabilities of the athletes. The athletes may tense, increase their heart beats, sweat allover as they agonize about the possible results of their performance. Such athletes find it difficulty to centralize on the mission ahead.This aspect has resulted in many coaches and trainers to take more interest in the subject of sports psychology, specifically in the aspect of competitive anxiety. The attention has centered on factors that affect performance in sports, personal activity and exercise and on skills athletes apply in competitive environment. Ones the factors takingsing performance be established, the skills required for succeeded in competitive environment are also taught to the athletes.This paper seeks to rese arch on Psychological/mental factors that affect performance in sports, physical activity and exercise. To carry out this objective, the paper provide proceed by spunkylight the issue under discussion, reviewing previous literature on the subject in details, and discussing the finding, the lastly make the concluding remakes based on finding of the researcher paper. The issue Sports participation by athletes places a lot of physical as well psychological stress on these athletes.Rushall and Potgieter (1987) explain that a serious competitive situation is whereby the outcomes of performance of the athletes are most crucial and strongest. Factors which affect the athletes view of this situation have been explained by Rushall and Potgieter (1987) as sports stress checklist. According to Teed, (1987) differences in these factors results in performance inconsistencies, while at the same time they also imply patterns which influence exceptional performance.In unsentimental and serious p erformance circumstances, it has been established that performance based strategies of specific elements have significant impact on performance reliability and consistency (Syer, and Connolly, 1984). There is invariably need for particular preparations to be done in various fields such as performing arts, and business, (Goetz). Though, previous studies have established that in that respect is endlessly need for such psychological preparations to be undertaken in the field of sports, it is still being overlooked in many sporting setting by trainers as well as sports psychologists.In addition, when plans or strategies are drawn mainly by the athletes themselves, Syer and Connolly (1984) notes that they result in the following advantages, reduced uncertainty and interpretive break vote out as well as stress brought by negative circumstances, improved performance consistency of athletes, better coping ability for difficulties, and lastly reduced performance declines. The following s ection takes a detailed look on psychological factors that effect performance.Literature review Factors affecting performanceSegmenting sports activity and other physical activities In case the event or activity to be performed is long, it is required that it should be broken down into shorter segments. The segments ought to be short enough so that the athlete is able to concentrate fully on what is required to be done and thought during that period. This helps the athlete to focus on achieving of successful disceptation aspects. Arranging competition is this way is termed as segmenting. Segmenting has originated from two main sources.One, the goal-setting past literature has indicated that far-off goals have got less effect on athlete performance compared to proximal goals (Syer and Connolly, 1984). A performance goal which are short-term and which, center on processes required for successful conduct improves performance. Two, people facing extensive assignments normally break the down to better manageable parts Stress Stress is major factor which affects athletes performance. Numerous studies have indicated that stress has coverly effect athletes, though the extent of the effect is not various and it is hard to mea for sure correctly.In a study to measure stress carried out by Jones and Hardy (1989), electronic gadgets were attached on athletes so as to directly measure the physiological arousal of the athlete using a process termed as telemetry. The gadget transmitted a radio signal into a receiver whereby physiological responses like the heartbeat can be assessed while the athlete is carrying out his/her normal activities and when he/she is involved in sporting action. The study revealed that athletes experience high degree of arousal when in sporting activities.However, the shortcoming with this method of measurement is that the results can not ascertain for sure which shape emotion is being felt by the athlete, it came be anxiety ca apply by stress, or it could be excitement caused by joy of participation in the sporting event. However, in another study by Jones and Hardy (1989) it revealed that sporting activities are not very much stressful for athletes particularly when compared to other physical activities in which the athletes are evaluated according to their performance.Nonetheless, it remains apparent that sporting situations are able to result in increased degree of stress for many athletes. preferably of the athletes finding competitive sporting activities challenging and enjoyable to take part in, a number of athletes certainly experience anxiety and threats in such a sporting situation. Jones and Hardy (1989) adds that anxiety together with fear resulting from stress are what many individuals would like to avoid, but this is exactly what effects a lot of athletes. legion(predicate) athletes drop out off sporting activities because of these two aspects, as they find sporting activities to be threatening instead of b eing pleasant experience. A high number of individual also revealed that they would prefer to take part in sports and other physical activities by they fear that they will perform badly and if thither is selection going on, they would even be selected to join the team.Thus, stress is a major factor which affects sports and can reduce the enjoyment of taking part in sporting activities Thought contents of athletesPerformance efficiency of an athlete is usually reduced due to distraction but it is improved by having relevant concentration. However, there are Holingen and Vikander, 1987) asserts that there are a number of exception to this opinion, for instance cognitive interference. But, Jones and Hardy (1989) say that, to perform well in tasks under stressful situation, the athlete has to focus his/her attention on the processes of completing the task successful in the best position. This specifically is true when it comes to sports. Cognitive concepts like attention focus and flow have a characteristic of a particular task orientation.However, this orientation differs in relation to the stage as well as the kind of activity being performed. Cappaert and Rushall (1994) explain that the objective of focusing on task-relevant information is to make sure that every resource is made available to the athlete in sporting activities. Athletes should be being able get focused and concentrate on the cues in a sporting activity so that they can in effect deal with the present task. These skills of focusing assist the athletes to maintain their individual mental intensity within a sporting activity.General techniques of concentrating comprises of avoiding distractions, skills to develop awareness (Syer and Connolly, 1984). ego statement This is your inner voice, what you an athlete says to him/herself. This aspect of self-talk relates to the manner athletes feel and also act. However, Jones and Hardy (1989) explains that changing ones self-statement and making it positi ve creates a positive mental position, which in term gives the body a positive approach to an a physically activities and makes the athlete to perform better in that activity.This observation is supported by Syer and Connolly(1984) who asserts that self-statement is as well associated with factors which are related to improved performance, for instance coping (Gibson and Heads, 1989), self-efficacy (Jones and Hardy (1989) and self-concept (Selkirk, 1980) In a study carried out by Cappaert and Rushall (1994) they established a direct impact of negative self-talk on swimmers performance.In another observation of 20 tennis players participating in a tournament, it was established that negative self-statement was linked to losing, those players who used positive self-statements and believed in its utility worn much more points as oppose to those with a negative self-talk (Holingen and Vikander, 1987). Positive self-statement was a crucial aspect of a game plan for improving results of b asketball (Teed, 1987) and as Holingen, and Vikander (1987) explains for learning essential forms in ice-skating. And also for increasing the total number of wins by tennis players

Creative Strategy Statement Example Essay

STARGET AUDIENCEThe target audience consists of Male and Females ages 18 through to 27 of mixed nationalities. They are keen travellers and enjoy a very active and fun filled lifestyle. They adopt a tight budget to work with out-of-pocket to their income, which would be proposed into the low mid ($15,000 to $38,000).Demographics Age 18 27 Annual income Low to mid ($15,000 $38,000) Sex Male & Female Occupation Student, temporary / Casual worker Free spirited, party animal, like to try new things International, domesticGeographicPotential clients like the beachside aspect of accommodation (water sports, lifestyle), Love to be in the heart of activity (Close to city/town centres). Something different yet at the same time similar to home (international). Psychographics Lifestyle Traveller, explorer, socialite, Attitude Confident, searching Personality traits Motivated, Thrifty spender, love to party, active and fitMAJOR SELLING IDEA TO COMMUNICATEThe major selling idea for the Bla ck Market Flights work is to create a wish for Student Flights and its services in the target audience. The advertising campaign communicates to the audience the qualities of the travel give birth (full page advertisement). The use of cityscapes featuring being renowned iconic buildings face of the city personality of the city inthe advertisement appeals to the audience on an emotional level, the feeling of excitement and freedom of change of location in these exotic locations drawing the target audience into the Black Market experience. The concept that becoming part of an exclusive Student Flights community/experience is very important to communicate to the target audience. Communicating these ideas to the target audience will achieve the aim of affirming Student Flights as the new and only place to stay when travelling on a budget. The key benefits of this style of approach are to portray Black Market Flights as ______ and to create a want in the target audience to become pa rt of the Black Market Flights community.CREATIVE STRATEGY STATEMENTThe campaigns emotional appeal will stem from the unspoken working student or workers desire to travel and visit exotic locales. The barriers that are encountered by most of the target market affect work and university demands which lead to a day-in day-out-repetitive nightmare. As the ________ campaign is employed, the promotional characteristics of Black Market Flights are conveyed through the audiences want to escape from their current life. However, by include the I want to escape my current repetitive grind the brand will be positioned in this light Always different, always fun, always _____.

Cadence in Shakespeare

Cadence is an often overlooked aspect of writing that is significant in the attempt to agnize the meaning of text. The use of beat is most often only considered relevant in an approach to poetry or music however, poetic form is use in other genres of writing and is an applicable approach to literary criticism. An authors intended message is intricately woven into the cadence in which the lyric poem are to be delivered. In order to appreciate the delivery of Shakespeare, in particular, one must consider the implications of intended cadence.Although Shakespeares work can be enjoyed through a silent reading, certain nuances of his plays are lost without the aspect of performance or delivery in which the cadence is more visible. In an member from The Sunday Telegraph London Charles Spencer approaches the importance of cadence in performances of Shakespeare. He gets his point across very sanitary by stating that Anyone who has been to see Shakespeare in the airfield recently will r ecognize this experience.An actor is tearing a passion to tatters and after what seems like several yards of fraught blank verse, you belatedly realize that you fetch barely the faintest clue as to what hes been banging on about. The odd word or phrase sinks in, that even speeches you know well on the page seem shrouded in obscurity on the stage. Luckily this is not forever the case. Many of us have also had the pleasure of watch a performance in which the actors manage to deliver the verse with such clarity that even Shakespeares knottiest, and most clotted passages make crystal sop up intellect (Spencer).An enjoyable performance of Shakespeare relies on the proper delivery of cadence. The intended meaning can be completely lost if the cadence is not delivered correctly. So how do we discern the intended cadence? Peter Hall, author of Shakespeares Advice to the Players, insists that Shakespeare himself provides all the clues about how to speak his verse . . . moment by moment, and line by line (Spencer). There are many elements involved in determining cadence.Read more about Dramatic CriticismAccording to Hall one must first think the mechanics of blank verse, whose unit is iambic pentameter and in addition one must also focus on the structure of the line, scansion, the caesura, monosyllables, pauses, alliteration and rhyme (Spencer). He goes on to say that Shakespeare tells the actor when, only if he never tells him why or how (Spencer). The why or how of delivering Shakespeares verse is left to the interpretation of the proofreader or performer. Spencer concludes this name by saying thatShakespeares text is a complex score that demands to be read as a piece of music, well-read like the steps of a dance, or practiced like the stroke of a duel . . . but the paradox of art is that the rules of form must always be challenged in order to achieve spontaneity. Yet they must not be completely destroyed. There is a balance between discipline and granting immunity which only the great creative genius or the astonishing performer can achieve. Lets look at the mechanics of blank verse. infinite verse is defined as unrhymed iambic pentameter.Iambic pentameter is a metrical pattern in poetry which consists of five iambic feet per line (Meyer 1617). In unloosen Shakespeares Voice Kristen Linklater states that Rhythm takes language and adds an innermost drive that moves it, shakes it, and channels it (92). She goes on to say that A poet uses heartbeat to shape language into dramatic peaks and valleys, and major(ip) clues to topography of any stipulation scene in a Shakespeare play are to be found in its rhythmic dynamics (92). Linklater also states thatThe verse rhythm that reigns supreme in Shakespeare is iambic pentameter which is the basic rhythm of the English language . . . and by the end of the sixteenth century, the development of prosody had determined five to be the most satisfying number of iambic feet per line for English dr amatic, or heroic, verse. Furthermore, In Speak the Speech Shakespeares Monologues Illuminated, authors Rhona Silverbush and Sami Plotkin explain that Verse is an expeditious and compelling means of communication.It enables the author to convey more layers of meaning in fewer words and Because verse is an elevated form of language, it elevates the dramatic experience (246). Caesura is a pause within a line of poetry that contributes to the rhythm of the line (Meyer 1617). Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant live ons in a sequence of words, ordinarily at the beginning of a word or stressed syllable (Meyer 1615). And rhyme is defined as the repetition of identical or similar concluding syllables in different words, most often at the ends of lines (Meyer 1633).All of these elements are in the structure of a line and Shakespeare uses these elements in his writing. Therefore the structure of the line seems to hold the headstone to the intended cadence. Rhythm is wha t makes poetry and music flow. It is what makes a speech memorable. And if used correctly it signifies the importance of what is being said. It is a subtle way of getting a point across and accentuating what the speaker or author wants you to hear. The way a line is read can change the impression made on the auditory modality as much as the words that they hear.In an article entitled The sound of Your Stories Philip Martin states that Cadence in literary terms is the rhythm or metre of a stream of words, how the flowing phrases sound on the ear. It is derived from the Latin, to fall the rise and fall of the poetic beat or the inflection of the human voice. Similarly, in an article written by Dennis Jackson, it is said that Signaling significance, cadence authenticates your voice. Furthermore Jackson states that A cadence is a pause that meaning wide of the marky punctuates the flow of music.Similarly, in our writing, cadences are stress points, moments where syntax and substance t eam up to convey special meaning. He then goes on to say that Cadences are the drumbeats that sound through our prose signaling significance to readers, telling them how the writing is to be read. He uses Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. s I have a woolgather speech to illustrate how cadence can affect the way we hear or read words. He mentions rhetorical techniques that King uses such as grammatic parallelism, repetition, and manipulation of sentence lengths to achieve rhythm and affect cadences that underscore his main points (Jackson).In Simply Shakespeare, Widdicombe mentions that if pace doesnt change monotony sets in (171). He looks at Hamlet and proposes can he Shakespeare hold an audiences attention for more than four hours and almost 4000 lines? The answer is a resounding ?yes (172). One of the reasons given for Shakespeare being able to successfully keep the audiences attention is the way Shakespeare applies his stagecraft to the plays pacing (172). Another important aspect of cadence is brought to light by Jackson G. Barry.In an article entitled Shakespeares Deceptive Cadence A Study in the structure of Hamlet, Barry puts forth the concept of delusory cadence, which is a musical term associated with classical music in which the generally assumed and thus crystal clear conclusion given by the chord betterment is broken and replaced with some other, not as fitting or perfect, chord. According to Barry this deceptive cadence can be found throughout Hamlet, but becomes especially prevalent during the third act, in which Hamlet kills Polonius.The idea is that the deceptive cadence used in Hamlet serves to prolong and extend the play into the full five act form and without the use of this deceptive cadence, Hamlet would have been able to move forward with his plans for vengeance and would have had nothing to mark or scar his own conscience (Barry). He states that until this point the play had been building with steady momentum but this tragic turn of events breaks up the standard and logical progression of the play and thus diverts Hamlet from his true task and goals.Without this deceptive cadence Barry states that the true element of tragedy would have been lost, and with it a great luck of substance from the piece. So now we have the idea of deceptive cadence to contend with. The way a story slows down or changes fashion therefore can also affect the meaning of a work. Shakespeare adds a great deal to the play by using this deceptive cadence in Hamlet in order to change the mood and add to the tragedy of the story. Round and around, like creatures gone slightly mad, the students march to a slow, rhythmic chant.Their eerie cadence rises to the upper rows of the gloomy concrete theater, its effect both lyrical and unnerving (Jones). Tone and emotion are portrayed through cadence. Shakespeares words are well known by many people. Even those who have not read or seen his work can recognize, or even recite, a Shakespearean quote. His use of the English language is certainly beautiful. He paints a picture for the audience with his words and manipulates the language in order to achieve the craved effect. Shakespeare manages to portray the effect of every human emotion.According to Ralph Waldo Emerson reading for the sense will best bring out the rhythm he states that Shakespeares secret is that the opinion constructs the tune. The process of understanding and performing Shakespeare is a task attained on many levels. Not only must one consider the mechanics but also the thought process behind the authors intentions. Poetic form is a complicated work of art that can not be approached without understanding the importance of cadence. The voice makes all the difference. Once you have heard how the lines are supposed to be delivered, it is much easier to appreciate and understand Shakespeare.

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management Essay

Introduction gross sales promotion is the offer of an incentive to induce a desired gross sales result (Gilbert, 1999). For our purposes promotional techniques, within UK supermarkets, have been taken to be value increasing promotions (i. e. coupons and price deals) and value adding (i. e. premiums, prizes/contests/sweepstakes, samples, point of purchase display, demonstration and loyalty cards). Sales promotion consists of a wide variety of short-run tactical promotional tools aimed at generating a desired response from customers.Although at that place is a shift in marketing communications, away from advertising towards sales promotions, there is no consensus among researchers that sales promotions lead to repeat purchase. It is agreed, however, that price promotions can result in a short-term increase in sales (Smith and Sinha, 2000 Banks and Moorthy, 1999 Kopalle and Mela, 1999 Diamond, 1992 Gupta and Cooper, 1992 Bawa and Shoemaker, 1987). It is also important to note that s tudies of price promotions also show that customers who take advantage of a price promotion oft return to their favourite brands (Ehrenberg et al. 1994 Brandweek, 1994). There is a large body of literature, which has examined consumer response to sales promotions, especially coupons (Krishna and Zhang, 1999 Huff and Alden, 1998 Leone and Srinivasan, 1996 Bawa and Shoemaker, 1987, 1989 Gupta, 1988, 1993 Blattberg and Neslin, 1990). Coupons and discounts argon the most widely used promotional tools. However, relatively little research has focussed on value adding promotions. In coupon promotions retailers maintain the original price of the product and it is only coupon holders who are entitled to a discount.As buyers are not subject to a reduction in sales price there is no request for them to chastise their internal reference prices downwards, as is the case with discount promotions. Therefore, coupon promotions should be more attractive than discount promotions in improving the t ransaction value of the product. However, consumers moldiness keep track of the coupons and produce them at the place of purchase. If consumers are used to utilising coupons then they are likely to have a more positive stance towards them (Huff and Alden, 1998). Also, if a The authors D. C.Gilbert is Professor of Marketing and N. Jackaria is a Researcher, both at Surrey European Management School, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. Keywords Sales promotion, Retail trade, Food industry, Marketing Abstract UK supermarkets need to be able to assess the current efficacy of the budget they allocate to promotional activities aimed at boosting sales. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to investigate consumer response to the cardinal different promotional deals most commonly used in UK supermarkets coupons, price discounts, samples and buy-one-get-one-free.Multi discriminant analysis was used on a study of 160 respondents to analyse whether there was an association between the four consumer promotional approaches and respondents reported buying behaviour. The findings indicate that only price discount promotions proved to be statistically significant on consumers reported buying behaviour. Purchase acceleration and product trial are found to be the two most influential variables related to a discount. For buy-one-get-one-free, while the result is not significant, the two variables, brand switching and purchase acceleration are statistically significant.

Online Shopping in India

Online Shopping in India is evolving fast and has the potential to grow exponentially, with the internet penetration growing far and wide. instantly a days Indian e-commerce is letting mature. Indians are increasingly seen using the internet to get more information and to shortlist preferences. When it comes to online shopping, Indians are proving that they can surely beat the world. Average middle class Indians are getting more tech-friendly in terms of consumer electronics, changing the way India shops. The customers can easily compare the prices of each product among different vendors .Online shopping stores put the convenience of shopping at our finger tips. The traditional Indian mindset about shopping is conservative. Consumers want to contact and feel the product before buying it, and as well make sure that they get the best bargain, the best deal. But with modernization and the ultra fast footmark of life today, the scene has changed. The constraint of time is one of t he big reasons of the increasing dependencies on Online Shopping . There are many benefits of buying the products on-line. Wide vicissitude of products are available in portals. People dont need to go to markets or malls in search of better deals.One can find everything here and also individuals can shop at anytime of the day. These portals are open 24 hours and 365 days. A person can save lot of their precious time. Buyers can also get lots of variety and best deals here. They can also compare the product prices and find themselves with a better option. Online Shopping has been revolutionized by the presence of a tumid number of Online Shopping Store / Portals in India that offer wide variety of products. And it doesnt stop with variety, today there are online shopping portals that offer discounted rates, ingenuous shipping all over India .

Comparing Evidence of Both Norse and African Presence

In pre- Columbian America on that point is turn out to show that there were both S digestdinavian and African carriage present forwards the arriver of Christopher Columbus maiden voyage in 1492. The presence of the Africans was first stated by Christopher Columbus himself in his voyage diaries, which he claimed was told to him by an Indian on his second voyage. This was later solidified by Portuguese seamen who also told of African navigation to Columbus. On the otherwise hand the Nordic Movement into pre- Columbian America was stimulated by the adventurous and nomadic nature of the Scandinavianmen.The men hailed from Northern Britain, Scandinavia, Northern Germany and the Netherlands. They were also know as Northman which was interchangeable with the term Viking. This essay will assess the botanical, archaeological and oceanography evidence along with the African and Egyptian Cultural history of the African presence along with the botanical, metallurgical, archaeological, cart ographical, oral and written evidence of the Nordic presence in the pre- Columbian America.To prove that African presence existed in pre-Colombian America before Columbus arrival Professor Van Sertima presented archaeological evidence in many take shapes. The first piece of archaeological evidence was the Guanine. The Italian account Raccolta of the voyages reads there were pieces of gua-nin as large as carvels poop. 1 This alloy existed predominantly with Africans who were outside of the Atlantic World. It was generally found on the tips of spears and other weapons making this an of the essence(predicate) component for the indigenous societies.The trading of this alloy was extensive between the Africans and the Indigenous people. and he (Columbus) wanted to find out what the Indians of Hispaniola had told him, that there had come to it from the south and southwest Negro people, who brought those spear points make of a metal which they called guanine, of which he had sent to the king and queen for assaying, and which was found to have thirty two arts, eighteen of gold, 6 of silver, and eight of copper. Raccolta, PARTE , VOL. This piece of archaeological evidence helps Van Sertima to show that before Columbus arrived there was interaction between the Africans and the people of the Atlantic World via the stratum of trade. The Negroid element is well proven by the large Olmec stone monuments as well as the terracotta items and therefore cannot be excluded from the pre-Columbian history of the Americas. - horse parsley VON WUTHENAU2. The virtually important of all the archaeological findings of African presence were that of the Negroid Olmec heads found in La Venta, Tres Zapotes and San Lorenzo, between the period of 1939-1940.This piece of evidence was the most concrete of all that Van Sertima collected to explain pre-Columbian African contact. These were large carved stone heads reaching six to nine feet high, weighing up to forty tons each3 and were c arved out of basalt stone. When they were unearthed in both central and south America it was declargond by Van Sertima There is no denying their negroness either, the features are not only nergo African in type but individual in their facial particulars cancelling out the possibility of ritual stereotypes of an unknown race produced by some quirk of the sculptors imagination. Not only did these heads have the facial features of that of an African but on one of the stone heads dug up was found to have Ethiopian braids These Olmec heads were the most convincing pieces of evidence of African presence in the pre-Columbian presence that Van Sertima presented in his theory.As much as archaeological evidence is important so is oral history and traditions, as quoted We are vessels of speech, we are the repositories which harbour secrets many centuries old without us the names of kings would cut down from oblivion, we are the memory of mankind by the spoken word we bring to life the deeds a nd exploits of kings of younger generations4. There are oral records within African societies giving parallel accounts and evidence to substantiate the findings presented in Van Sertimas theory. The story of king Abubakari of the antediluvian Mali kingdom was passed down orally from generation to generations.King Abubakari point sail in 1311 with a well equipped naval fleet to cross the Atlantic although he failed within the evidence that is presented now of his arrival close to the time that links African presence in south America. It also highlights the fact that it was more than just a mere coincidence thus viewing a direct link and connection between two civilizations. Professor Van Sertima also present evidence in oceanography to verify historic reports and accounts the journey from due west Africa to the Americas was possible.Geographical research shows that there are three major current off the coast of Africa leading automatically to the Americas. Perhaps Heyerdahls su perlative contribution has been shown by example that long voyages in primitive craft were not impossible. This may have been necessary for some Amercanists it was not for those who knew the sea5. Thor Heyerdahl a Norse writer and adventurer made more than an academic study of these ships utilize. Heyerdahl put the ship building ideas and designs of the ancient Egyptians to a practical test to make it cross shipway the Atlantic to the Americas from Africa.Using the most primitive of the boats built from the papyrus reed Heyerdahl conducted two experiments with the vessels Ra and Ra which visualized the Trans Atlantic Current. The Ra set out from Safi, on the Atlantic coast of North Africa, on May 25, 1969. It sailed to within a few days of the New World before it got into serious trouble. The Heyerdahl expedition had made one mistake A smaller model, Ra, built on the identical Egyptian pattern made it across the Atlantic from Africa successfully6.This experiment proved to be suc cessful crediting the theory that the Africans may have used the sea route to reach the Atlantic World. The adoption of a new plant is no bare(a) matter. It requires the adoption of a whole complex of knowledge about the plants ecological requirements, and often also about the human usage of the plant. The presence of even one transferred plant means that a quite effective contact has been made between two people7. In traditional Africa their main form of currency was the use of shells and cocoa beans as currency rather than other symbolic items.This factor could be seen translated in the currency of the Mesoamericans as Botanical continuities was presented by the presence of African species found in the Americas for example the Jack bean is believed to be a crop of African origin that was brought to the Americans before Columbus arrival, West African yam has also been found in the America additionally other plants that became a major aspect of the Atlantic World such as banana and maize hints towards African cultural influences in the region. On the other hand now there is the theory that the Vikings were here before Columbus as well.The most prominent source of evidence of pre-Columbian Viking contact with the New World can be found in the Icelandic Annals (chronicles) Islending appropriate, Flateyjar disc and Landnama book. Evidently this area which is now the home of the copper Eskimo and other Eskimo, was occupied by the Eskimos in Viking times, for its Icelandic name of the map is Einjoetingidand (Land of the Einfoeting). The story of Einfoeting related in the Icelandic saga of Rarlsefni is declared by Godfrey to be wholly impossible. 8 Initially these sagas were passed on orally until Adam of Brehemin also known as Adamus Brenamus of Cleric began transcribing these tories in 1070. These sagas made special reference to the New World described are generally termed Vinland but are found in sections of the Greenlanders saga and Erik the Red. The sagas do cumented the arrival to three territories Helluland (flat), Markland (timber) and Vinland (grapes), which were taken to be now Baffin Island, Labrador and Newfoundland in Canada. Correspondence with Newfoundland officials, Lloyds explorations in 1873, and preliminary explorations for the rootage by Alf Budden of Sops tree branch, Newfoundland, in 1940 indicated that the Sops Arm area was the site of the first Norse settlement in Vinland9.Most important of these places mentioned in the sagas seemed to have been Vinland as several expeditions were taken to that place. Some of the expeditions were taken by Lief Erikson, Thorvald Erikson, Thorstein Erikson, Thorfin Karlefin, Freydis Erikson. It was wildly believed that is now present day LAnse aux Meadows. Other than their sagas the Vikings had more concrete evidence in cartography and mapmaking. The interpretation of the Viking charts by the author has been verified by the Hydrographic Office of the U. S. Navy10.A world map adated ab out 1440 was found in 1965, this map clearly showed locations of Vinland. It was found in a book called the Vinland map and Tartar relation. Irrefutable evidence of the Vikings discoveries in America is their navigation charts. These were marked in Old Icelandic the names they gave to the areas they discovered. Showing coasts and waterways of ancient America, they belong to a series of more than 35 maps of the ancient world which have been bear on for thousands of years in various parts of the Old World11.We can conclude from this that this piece of evidence supported the theory of Viking presence in pre-Columbian America. Two iron shovels were found, one in an Enkieling furnace and one in a hearth-pit furnaces . A. M. Hall, metallurgist of the Battelle Memorial Institute, examined these shovels and reported that they had been made by cladding two carburized iron sheets together12. Evidence of Norse style smelting was uncovered at an slam site in LAnse aux Meadows. Iron manufactur ing was an activity where bogore, which was a form of iron from which bogs was processed in order to make boat nails.This need for boats nails explains the adit for iron smelting in the Americas. Two Enkielings of the pit type, two of the above ground type, and ten hearth-pit furnaces were excavated in the Deer Creek Valley. There were three kinds of hearth-pit furnaces, all types that were used in the Old World before the fourteenth centurary13. This piece of evidence solidifies the theory of the Vikings presence. During the excavation at the site in LAnse aux Meadows, the Norwegian explorer Helge Ingstads, found remnants of a Viking settlement in LAnse aux Meadows in 1960.This was founded in the province of Newfoundland in Canada along with butternut three to be exact, that were preserved. More importantly these bogs found contained tanic acid which can preserve both organic and inorganic materials for centuries. The presence of these butternuts suggests that they were transport ed to the area rather than grown there. This adds more value to the pre-Columbian Nordic presence theory. Also a burl which is a roundish, warty outgrowth from the trunk and roots of certain trees of butternut wood was also found in the bog.Thus it can be safely concluded that Vikings brought this wood with them. Similarly items made with Scotts pine also known as pinus Sylvertris were found in the bog. Again this type of wood did not grow in that area and it was common for utensils to be made from it in the Old World. The most impressive evidence of Vikings in the New World comes from LAnse aux Meadows on the northern tip of Newfoundland. In 1960 most of the archaeological evidence was gathered there from excavation by Ingstad. The Ingstads found a Norse site one hundred metres from the ocean shore comprising of three complexes.All the buildings were located on a narrow beach terries border a sedge peat bog and a wet sphagnum bog. These houses have usually been circular if they we re rectangular, their width was only slightly less than their length14. The early Scandinavians up to the twelfth century lived in dwellings which were different from all other communal houses in the old World because they were long, narrow, one room, one story buildings with two passage ways and a long central hearth extending lengthwise through the building.The only lighting came from the fire on the hearth and through openings left in the detonator to permit smoke to escape15. The buildings were made from a timber frame covered in sod and the roofs were steeply peaked. Some items found at this site that were preserved in the bog included wood shavings and chips from the carpentry shop, items of broken wood, tree nails which were used in their ship building, plank patch for cracked boat stakes, a bow for an auger and pieces of rope made from spruce roots. Also a Viking coin was found at the Goddard site dating to A.D. 1070. The coin was the only Norse artefact found. I t was also determined to be in this place16 because of trade between the Vikings and Native Americans17. In conclusion it can be say that from all the evidence put forward of both Norse and African presence in the pre-Columbian Americas some out weight the other in being concrete historical evidence. However it can be said that due to all this evidence it can be stated that there was interaction between both groups and the indigenous peoples before the arrival of the Europeans.Sources 1. Leo Wiener, African and the Discovery of America, Philadelphia, Innes and Sons, 1920-1922, Vol. 1. 2. Alexander Von Wuthenau, The Art of Terra-cotta Pottery in Pre-Columbian South and telephone exchange America 3. Michael Coe, Mexico, New York, Praeger Publishers, 1962 p. 88 4. The Words of the Mali Griot Mamadou Kouyate, Quoted in D. T. Niane, Sundiata An Epic of Old Mali A. D. 1217- 1237 5. Clinton Edwards, Man Across the Sea 6. Thor Heyerdahl, Isolationist or Diffusionist? in Ashe, op. cit. . G. F. Cart er, Movement of stack and Ideas, In Plants and Migrations, edited by J. Barrau 8. Godfrey 1955 36 9. Mallery 1951 11 10. Walters 1956 2-5 11. Walters 1956 2 12. Mallery 1951134a 13. Mallery 1951 193, 193d, 194b, 196d 14. Vikings in America Theories and Evidence (American Anthropologists 735-43) 15. Norlwnd 1924 77ff Roussell1934 34ff Dasent 1861XCV 16. The Fact and Fiction of Vikings in America, archaeology of Vikings in the U. S. , Kari L. Springer 17. William 1991222

Esterification

To synthesis rapturously harsh by stratification. Introduction A pleasant, often fruity, odor is characteristic of some of the simpler esters. Ethyl butyrate smells exchangeable to pineapples, the odor of n-propel acetate is reminiscent of pears and isopleths acetate has a strong banana fragrance. Esters are derivatives of the carboxyl hots and birth the following functional group The synthesis of an ester smoke be accomplished in oneness of some(prenominal) ways. An stratification pop offs when an alcohol and a carboxylic hot are reacted in the reserve of a mineral harshulated catalyst, such as sulfuric acid.Because these responses result in an equilibrium mixture of both products and reactants, the response conditions must be manipulated in order to produce a apprehensionable yield. A large redundance of one of the reactants gouge be use in the starting mixture or alternatively, one of the products can be removed as the reaction proceeds (as by a distillation), to shift the equilibrium to the right. early(a) synthetic pathways to esters in any case exist. Acid chlorides react with alcohols to yield an ester and hydrochloric acid.A small amount of pyridine is usually deed to the reaction mixture to neutralize the resulting acid. Acid anhydride can also react with alcohols to produce esters. Unlike the reactions between carboxylic acids and alcohols, neither of these two methods for preparing esters results in an equilibrium mixture. Ecstatically acid, or acetylsalicylic acid, is one of the most widely used and versatile drugs known today. It was first synthesized by Charles von Gerhardt in 1 853 and was later patented by a German dye chemist named Frederica Brayer in 1893 who recognized its potential as an analgesic (pain reliever).Salicylic acid, a ineffective of willow and poplar bark, had been used as a pain killer for centuries, but its highly acrid property caused irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat and also r esulted in uncomfortable gastric pain. By trans sorting the acidic phenol functionality into an ester group, the compound retained its analgesic properties but lost some of its irritating side- effects. In addition to relieving pain, aspirin is also an antipathetic (fever reducer) and an anti-inflammatory agent (used for arthritis). Like all drugs, aspirin also has some undesirable side effects which should be tote.When taken in large quantities (several grams per day), gastric problems can result. Its use has been implicated in Rexes syndrome, a brain disorder that can affect people infra the age of 18. Some people are highly allergic to aspirin. Finally, aspirin interferes with platelets and affects normal blood curdling which can lead to hemorrhaging in extreme cases. However, its anticoagulant properties can also be used to vantage in preventing blood clots from forming in the arteries. Recent studies rescue shown that the consumption of one half of an aspirin tabloid per da y can help to prevent heart attacks and strokes.aspirin can be synthesized by the stratification of salicylic acid via reaction with acetic anhydride. A few drops of phosphorous acid are added to serve as a catalyst for the reaction. The use of acetic anhydride as a reactant, instead of acetic acid, results in a rapid and irreversible conversion of salicylic acid to rapturously acid. Experimental Procedure Synthesis of rapturously acid 1 . A 400 ml beaker containing about 150 ml of wet was heated to the boiling call for on a hot plate. 2. 2 g of salicylic acid was weighed out and it was placed in a 100 ml conical flask. . 5 ml of acetic anhydride was added into the conical flask. . 5 drops of 85% phosphoric acid, HAPPY was added. The flask was swirled to mix the reactants and then it was clamped in the boiling irrigate bath. It was heated for about 8 minutes. 5. The flask was removed carefully from the hot irrigate bath and the hot plate was turned off. 2 ml of distilled water was added cautiously to the flask. The water will react with any unrelated acetic anhydride which remains. 6. at one time the reaction between acetic anhydride and water had subsided, 40 ml Of water Was added to the flask. 7. The contents was allowed to cool at room temperature for minutes then the flask was placed in frappe. . The contents was stirred with a applesauce rod periodically during this cooling period. The solid product was collected by vacuum filtration and it was washed with cooled water. 9. A small portion (spatula-tip full, 20-30 MGM) of this crude rapturously acid was set aside. 10. To recitalist the ecstatically acid, it was transferred to a 100 ml conical flask and 10 ml of 95% ethanol was added. 1 1. The flask was heated tardily on a hot plate just until the aspirin completely dissolved. As soon as all of the solid has dissolved, the flask was removed from the hot plate. 12.Water was added to the solution in 5 ml portions, it was swirled subsequently each addition, until a total of 40 ml of water has been added. 13. The flask was placed in an ice bath for 10 minutes to complete the crystallization. 14. The purified aspirin was collected by vacuum filtration. The crystals was washed in the funnel with ice-cold water. The vacuum was left on for a few minutes to air modify the purified aspirin, the crystals was then pressed between two pieces of filter paper to thoroughly dry out them. 5. The mass, yield and liquescent present of dried aspirin were obtained. Results Weight of salicylic acid used 2. 0021 g Weight of watch meth 20. 536 g Weight of watch glass t product 21. 6651 g Weight of product 1. 3115 g no. Of mole of salicylic acid = 0. 01450 mol Volume Of acetic anhydride used 5 ml engrossment of acetic anhydride = 1. 082 g/ml Mass of acetic anhydride used = 1. 082 g/ml x 5 ml = 5. 41 g no. Of mole of acetic anhydride 0. 0530 mol = 3. 661 Since the mol of salicylic acid is little than the mol of acetic anhydride, salicylic ac id is a limiting agent. Mol of salicylic acid produced 1 mol of ecstatically acid. 0. 01450 mol of salicylic acid produced 0. 01450 mol of ecstatically acid. Theoretical weight of ecstatically acid 0. 1450 mol x 180. 16 gnu-mol = 2. 6123 g Percentage yield x 100% = 50. 20 % 50 % Melting point of aspirin 138 140 co Discussion Aspirin is an effective analgesic (pain reliever), antipathetic (fever reducer) and anti-inflammatory agent and is one of the most widely used non-prescription drugs. The active ingredient in aspirin was found to be salicylic acid. The building of salicylic acid is shown below. In this experiment, aspirin is formed from the reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride through stratification. Aspirin can be made by reacting salicylic acid with acetic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.The phenol group on the salicylic acid forms an ester with the carboxylic group on the acetic acid. However, this reaction is slowly and has a relatively low yield. If acetic anhydride was used instead of acetic acid, the reaction will be much faster and has a higher yield (since acetic anhydride is much more reactive than acetic acid). Therefore, we used acetic anhydride for shorten the period f stratification. In order for reaction to occur faster, phosphoric acid was added as a catalyst. Then the solution was being placed in the hot water bath to heat up and thus triggering the reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride.The reaction was shown as below In this experiment, the salicylic acid is the limiting reactant and the acetic anhydride is in excess. The addition of distilled water into the mixture afterwards it is being removed from the water bath is to let the water react with the remaining acetic anhydride in the mixture which are still not being reacted. A vigorous reaction will occur as the decomposition of the excess acetic anhydride is exothermic. Once the decomposition of the excess acetic anhydride has completed, more water was added, forming completing the reaction.Now the solution contains two kinds of products, which are ecstatically acid and acetic acid, according to the reaction shown below. The reason why acetic acid is dissolved in this process but not ecstatically acid was due to the hydrogen bonding of acetic acid can form with water while ecstatically acid cannot. This is due to the large carbon group maintained by ecstatically acid which caused it to have difficulties from forming hydrogen bond with water. The aspirin collected will then be purified by rationalizations. In this refinement method, the crude aspirin will be dissolved in a small amount of lovesome ethanol.Water was then be added and the solution was cooled slowly in the ice bath and then chilled. The ecstatically acid will recitalist, and the solid impurities (unrelated salicylic acid) should remain dissolved in the solution. The solid aspirin will again be collected using vacuum filtration. Rationalizations was needed t o obtain a pure product from the crude product. Therefore, this aspirin should be more pure than the original aspirin. The final product was left in air dry and weighed. The theoretical and dowry yield was calculated. The weight of ecstatically acid obtained was 1. 115 g while the percentage yield of product was 50%. Besides, the melting point of ecstatically acid we obtained was in the range of 1 38 140 By comparing these observed melting points with the literature value of 138 CHIC for ecstatically acid, it was found that the values were exactly the same, indicating that both rodents were ecstatically acid( previously stated as ecstatically acid and acetic acid). The above reaction was an example of an organic synthesis called stratification. Stratification is the acid catcalled reaction of a carboxylic (-COHO) group and an -OH group of an alcohol or phenol to form a carboxylic ester.In the synthesis of aspirin, the -OH group is the phenol OH group attached to ring of the salic ylic acid. The acetic group, COACH comes from acetic anhydride, and the reaction is catcalled by phosphoric acid, HAPPY. Salicylic acid has a higher priority as it has a benzene ring which s more stable than the open chain of acetic anhydride because it has more resonance. Salicylic acid reacts better with acetic anhydride than acetic acid, so acetic acid will provide the acetic group which will react with the soaker OH group on the salicylic acid.The hydrogen ion from the hydroxyl group in the salicylic acid breaks away first, then combines with the atomic number 8 which has a negative charge after acetic anhydride is broken into two parts, which are an alkyl carbonylic group and -?CHOC- group. This is how acetic acid is formed. Later on, the alkyl carbonyl group of acetic anhydride which now has constructive charge due to the lack Of oxygen atom, connects to the oxygen atom which has a negative charge, lastly produced ecstatically acid as a neutral compound product.The mechani sm of how an ecstatically acid formed from stratification reaction will be shown Precaution steps 1 . When handling phosphoric acid, students should be apprised of spill it out because it is corrosive. 2. When adding water to the heated solution, students should be careful and added in small amount of water because it may splatter to the surroundings due to the vigorous reaction. 3. The elution was allowed to cool at room temperature before put it into the ice bath for the process of crystallization in order to get crystals in a nicer form and in correct manner.

Life partner Essay

Characteristic somely considered by men when choosing a Woman as their Life sum is a sacred contract between a fair sex and a man. It is where a couple begins the long journey of breeding with shared love, harmony, cooperation, tolerance and comfort with each other. The Commitment of jointure is cardinal of the most recommended acts in Islam. The Quran has described this relationship between men and women, which brings love, harmony, trust and compassion, in the most moving and eloquent terms ( And among His Signs is this, that He created for you mates from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love and mercy between your hearts) (Quran 3021) Therefore selecting a life helper is one of the most crucial decisions that we have to make in our lifetime, be hit marriage is a lifelong commitment where you allow for face difficulties in life.A couple should be adequate to(p) to confront the daily problem they depart face in raising a family . Both the husband and wife play their own expectant role in tropeing a happy family. . One of the main tasks of a wife is build a respect adequate to(p) family to the society. Hence, a man should think carefully when selecting a woman to be his wife, a mother to his children and the main pillar in his family. This report consists on mans perspective of selecting a life partner. Further, the report will show the characteristics that he will look into before selecting his life partnerReligiousOne of the most important characteristics is finding a religious woman. The righteous woman is the foundation of a healthy family. Allah (swt) states, Women of purity are for men of purity, and men of purity are for women of purity 2426. The vaticinator (pbuh) said, Do not choose a wife for her wealth or beauty. Her wealth will ca utilise her rebellion, and her beauty will cause her corruption. You must consider her faith and religiousness for marriage Mustadrak al-Vasail, On Marriage Ch. 1 3. A righteous woman is the greatest blessing that a husband basis get. He can find comfort and rest after the exhausting struggle of earning a living. If the woman is religious hence only the family will be brought up in the light of Islam.BeautifulHuman being has a tendency of attracting to pleasant things. Most of thetime, the first thing a man tends to see in a woman is her beauty. Sometimes the perfect figure, the soft skin, the mesmerizing eyes makes the man blind of what is beneath the international appearance. The real beauty of woman is not her physical appearance, the true beauty lies within inner self. A Man would rather get to know a woman and discover that her heart is pure and caring. For caseful, a beauty contest winner can be a cruel person. Therefore, her beauty is of no use to others if she is ill-treating to others Obedient and respectableA woman must be obedient and should respect her husband. She should be evermore eager to please him and make him happy. Sh e should be happy to help him in different stage of life. An exemplification wife should be someone who is uncoerced to do the household work despite poverty and hardship. For example if the husband is very poor, the wife should not be complain about buying unnecessary thing. The woman must have respectable character, which the society expects. She should practice and follow cultures and values accepted in the participation such as a married woman should show modesty in clothing.UnderstandingIn every marriage there comes times when there are differences in opinions, problems relating to financial, raising children, sickness. During these times, the couple should tackle the problem by respecting each others feelings and through open communication. The woman should be willing to listen to her husband and understand the situation instead of making the problem worse.For example as in a famous idiom making a mountain out of a mole, A couple might be arguing about each others political entrance and that disagreement may lead to a divorce. In a healthy marriage, the couple should be able to understand each others behavior and accept that nobody is perfect. The woman should be able to comfortably talk and share her wants and suggestions to her husband. The bond between the husband and wife should be based on mutual trust. Therefore, the ideal wife should be trust worthy.Conclusion.As an old saying, Behind every made man there is a courageous woman. Hence, a man can choose his life partner wisely. The task on a mans hand inchoosing the ideal wife is not an easy job. The decision should be taken with immense thinking. The must -have characteristics must be assumption great emphasis in order to make the marriage life prosperous and fruitful. The decision a man takes today will affect his children in the future.REFERENCE LISTIslamic voice Retrieved exalted 1998 Retrieved25-February-2012 fromhttp//www.islamicvoice.com/august.98/marriage.htmThe Ideal Muslim Woman and Her Husband RetrievedAugust 1999 Retrieved28-February-2012 fromhttp//www.wefound.org/texts/Ideal_Muslims_files/herhusband.htm

Compare and Contrast Essay Between Beowulf and the Hobbit

I just this day ideal reading A COMPANION TO BEOWULF by my friend and classmate Ruth Johnson. It was remarkably clear, well written, concise, and submarine sandwich full of fascinating insights and observations. Let me in particular remark on her refinement chapter, which concerned Tolkien and Beowulf. I had not heretofore been aw ar of how large a pick up JRR Tolkien loomed in the scholarship of the epic numbers BEOWULF, nor what a great influence his seminal essay The Monster and the Critics, had in turning the attention of the donnish domain of a function from the historical to the literary merits of the poem.Ruth Johnson makes the argument that Lord of the Rings is an updated version of BEOWULF. No, not the events, however the humans, the landview, the motif, the techniques, and oddly the approach toward religion. It is to be noted that m each critics faulted Tolkien for not including anywhere in nerve center Earth any description or hint of rituals, rites, temples a nd cults with adorn the vivid backdrops of other works of fantasy.Except for a few collateral hints that there is a High God virtuallywhere, and angelic powers the elves revere, Lord of the Rings is perchance unique among fantasies in that there is no mention of the religious side of society or the spiritual side of man. But, of course, Tolkien is not unique he is following BEOWULF. The poet of BEOWULF (so Tolkien interpreted the evidence) wished to depict his pre-Christian ancestors in the admirable light men argon right to bedevil for their ancestors, but without attributing to them a Christian corporate trust they could not have had.In these modern times, when Christian and Postchristian struggle for the souls of men, and the popular picture of the Christian is of a book-burner rather than the preserver of pagan literature, it is a great deal austere to recall the respect with which the Christian imagination held their pagan fore-bearers and preserved their works. One need only straight-from-the-shoulder any random page of Dante or Milton, for example, to see the thickly clustered references to pagan myths reflected with considerably more than reverence than more modern and sarcastic depictions of the gods of old.As with Roman Christian and the classical pagans, so with Old side of meat and his Norse fathers, at least in this case. The way the poet of BEOWULF handled the delicate guinea pig of showing the old geezerhood and the old ways as noble but, deprived of Christ, doomed, was to pass over the differences in a enceinte silence, and yet emphasizing those cardinal virtues that pagans and Christian alike admire, particularly fortitude and honor. So too here did Tolkien with his Middle Earth and their peoples the foremost virtue emphasized again and again in Tolkien was the Beowulfian virtue of go on a fight even after all hope is exhausted.The melancholy pronouncements of gloom and doom are scattered throughout the War of the Ring, yet also match the elegiac quality of Beowulfs last battle against the potassium hydrogen tartrate of the barrow, and much of the tone in side tales mentioned in Beowulf. The Beowulfian attitude toward fate or Wyrd seems a blend of the pagan notion of inescapable fate woven by the Three Sisters, or the Christian notion of fate as the decree and will of God. A similar attitude capacity be detected in Middle Earth.Frodo directhere lauds the fact that it is his free choice to carry the essence of the cursed One Ring, as, for example, Neo from THE MATRIX does in the climax of that trilogy. Instead, the wise Gandalf tells Frodo that Bilbo was meant to find the Ring, as if by some divine will above and beyond the will of any creature in Middle Earth, even Sauron the Dark Lord. Meant by whom? As in Beowulf, it is not said, but the silence implies something like Wyrd or the will of heavenly powers.Tolkien borrowed so much from Beowulf and the Old English, that the description of Medusheld (Mead -Hall) in Rohan aptitude be taken as the twin of Hereot. Unferth, who sits at the feet of Hrothgar and scorns Beowulf at his first appearing in the great hall, is somewhat correspond to Grima, who sits likewise and scorns Gandalf as a storm-crow and a meddler in others affairs. Many readers (include myself) have called Lord of the Rings a medieval fantasy, but this is a gross misnomer. There is not a single Arthurian figure in Middle Earth, nor any such armor or arms or equipment as might a knight of the High Middle Ages have partd.The men are in hauberks and iron caps, as in Beowulf, usually carrying spears. The fantasy is Old English in throttleting, Danish and Beowulfian, England of the time of Alfred the broad but also the scenes in Gondor might be imagined as if some northerly hero visited the great and antiquated cities, cities builded of stone and gold, of Rome or great and once-invulnerable Constantinople. The Shire itself is redolent of a high medieval period, some i dealized squirearchy, but Rohan is entirely in the mood and atmosphere of Beowulf.In Beowulf, the elves or ylfas are listed along with ettins and orcs (elves, giants, demons) as being descendents of Cain, exiled by God for his kin-slaying (a crime the Norse held in particular horror) and therefore, even as lesser clans must feud and retaliate endlessly, so the Sons of Cain with the race of moral men, descended of Seth and Noah. While the orcs and other monsters in Tolkien are creatures innately evil, no more to be earthed with nor spared than Grendel, the elves are not quite the Liosalfar of Norse myth, albeit they are more akin to this than to the diminutive sprites of MIDSUMMER NIGHTS DREAM.In olden times, northern people found stone arrowheads, or saw evidence of heart attacks or madness that seemed without cause, and fiendish the unseen people, the elves, who were not necessarily cruel and wicked, but they had no concern for the things of men, and went their ways invisibly. S omething of this mood is cave in in Tolkiens elves, albeit he makes them both more manlike, and something like a prelapsarian man quiesce at one with nature, to suit his purposes. The dwarves of Tolkien, on the other hand, could have stepped out of central casting from a Wagner Opera, and the names are taken unchanged from the Eddas.It may be useful for a moment to subscriber line the free peoples of Middle Earth with the other fantasies from Tolkiens generation and before, in order to emphasize a point easy to be lost in our modern Dungeons and Dragons generation namely, that elves and trolls and dwarves are purely Norse and Beowulfish in origin. Tolkien took them from the knowledge base of Beowulf and made that human beings and no other the staple of fantasy worlds. Tolkien made the ylfas and orcs and ettins into the elves and dwarves and trolls we now tend to think of as trite stereotypes of an overly-plowed field.But you will in vain seek their like in THE WORM OUROBOROS by ER Eddison, nor in LUD-IN-THE-MIST by Hope Mirrlees, nor in anything written by pile Branch Cabell nor William Morris nor Lord Dunsany nor Clarke Ashton Smith nor William Hope Hodgson nor William Beckford nor Arthur Machen nor the great Robert E. Howard in any writer in that genre that used to be called fantasy before the coming of Tolkien. These peoples and creatures entered the common imagination from the forgotten north of the world through the pen of JRR Tolkien.Turning for a moment to the Hobbit, we see the dragon Smaug circled on gold in his bury hold in much the same manner as the dragon of Beowulf. Both are emotional to outrage by the theft of a trifle from their greed-gathered horde, a gold cup. Both rise up in flame and wrath to burn nearby homesteads. It is an entirely Norse conception of a dragon. The dragon slain in myth by Saint George was no hoarder of gold Nagas of the easternmost and Liang of the Far East are different beasties entirely, albeit called dragons in our language.One artistic technique the poet of Beowulf used was to interpolate references to even earlier events and sagas into the matter of the poem. Early critics of Beowulf thought this a structural weakness, or even evidence of two or tether poets cobbling disjointed earlier material together. But a close attention to the matter perhaps shows the poet meaning to draw out parallels and contrasts between the ancient events and the struggle in Hereot, or the dark mere, or the barrow. It gives the poem, which was meant to be antiquarian at the time it was ritten, a richness of depth, by depicting a world of many layers of ever receding time. Behind every treasure sword and necklace, there is a tale, and weapons have names and histories even as great households and heroes and the lineages do. Tolkien is often complimented on the richness of the detail, the sense of many ages piled up behind the event in the current War of the Ring but what he did was to copy Beowulf, and use th e same technique, giving names to swords and remarking on the histories of towers and lands until the weight of history settles into the imagination of the reader.I contrast it with, for example, Homers ILIAD, where the technique is not used. Aside from the armor of Narses, I cannot recall the history of any weapon being recounted among the Greek. It is purely Norse touch. Tolkiens Lord of the Rings seems a real world because so often mention is made of former days and senior ways, and the tale is of the passing away of things with deep grow who once stood long in their places.Finally, the world itself, the Middle Earth, is merely the Old English word for Midgard, the world suspended halfway between the dark of hell and the light of heaven. The melancholy of the passing away of the older world was also a theme in BEOWULF, in the ears of the listeners even if we cannot hear it today. The English poet set his tale amid Danish lands and centuries (even at that time) long gone by. The old ways were past, and the new had come. The poet says farewell to the world of Beowulf even as he writes his saga.In much the same way, JRR Tolkien says farewell to the world and worldview that passed away before and during the Great War in Europe, the death of the days when the world was alive and elves lurked unseen in the twilight, the death of faith and faithfulness, the passing away of kings and heroes and all things ancient and fine, and the final triumph of the smoggy mediocrity of Mordor. Part of the reason for the fame of his book is that many folk share the sentiment of elegy, and wish, with Professor Tolkien, to say farewell to a world nobler than our own.

Sexism and Film Anaylisis/G.I.Jane

The movie G. I. Jane was written by Daniel Alexander. The motion-picture show was directed by Ridley Scott and was released in 1997. The require is about a female senator that succeeds in getting a woman, Jordan ONeil (Demi Moore), into the Navy SEALS training. If women compare favorably with men in a series of test cases, the forces will integrate women fully into all branches of the Navy. The female character goes through rigorous training correctly alongside the men. Every peerless expects the woman to fail during the intensive training that a SEAL must complete.ONeil faces sexism and physical challenges as she struggles to complete the training at the same quality or better than her male counterparts. The films title is interesting because it immediately draws attention to the difference between the commonly, known cliche of G. I. Joe to G. I. Jane. The title stands for a woman in the military which is not the norm. The film opening shows the unrest on the subject of faithfu lness to women in the military. Throughout the film, there are impressions discussing the inequality in the military for women.The scene where the senators are discussing selecting a woman and then the scene when ONeil is selected set a tone for the film showing the dirty manner in which women are treated in the military. Continuing the unfair treatment, the scenes during the basic training and the scene showing how the officers abuse ONeil reinforce the problems faced by a female in the military. Sexism is a hurdle that any woman in the military must confront. In the film, darkness and dimmed redness sets a mood where there is some mystery or some violence involved.The director uses one scene that is seen through the eyes of G. I. Jane to give the viewers a real feel for how G. I. Jane sees the world. The scene is where ONeil fights her Master Chief and features a wide variety of camera angles while focusing in on ONeil fighting to free her teammates. A climaxing scene in the fi lm is when ONeil is given the poesy Self Pity and is then congratulated by her Master Chief. ONeil fights back and wins his respect and that of the other trainees.This scene sums up all of the good work and success achieved by ONeil in the Navy SEALS. In this case, ONeil has conquered and won the battle of sexism facing women in the military. ONeil has proven she has the physical strength to compete with the men. The film shows that sexism is unnecessary, but unfortunately will probably exist forever. In this movie, sexism is thrown out the door as Demi Moores role in the movie proves sexism is outdated. The film shows that adversity can be overcome.Another human race of literature that has a similar theme is A Jury of Her Peers that deals with women being under appreciated. In the unequal story, a country attorney speaks with sarcasm to women and pokes fun at the women for occupying themselves with little things while the men were analyze a murder. All the while, the men were m issing the details and clues that would help explain what happened during the murder. In this story and in the movie G. I. Jane, men underestimate what women are capable of accomplishing.

Helen Burns in Jane Eyre

Though Helen Burns is a ill-judged- lived character, her appearance in the book is signifi stomacht on a symbolic level. In the novel, Helen epitomizes religious devotion and Christian principles, with the idea of love your enemies summarizing her beliefs.Helens religious beliefs shape her character and atomic number 18 referenced to help demonstrate the missing relationships in her and Janes life, as a result of being orphaned. Her religious conduct provides a allay to her, and later on a comfort to Jane when confronted with her dying friend.The intimacy gradeed with Helen with child(p)ly affects Jane and teaches her a lot, including how to mask her passion. Helen is the first person we see Jane form a friendly and intimate relationship with, increasing the impact and significance of Helens death medical prognosis which can be viewed as a pivotal moment in Janes life, and a potential symbol of the death of her passion. Helens references to religious teaching can be used in the novel to demonstrate missing relationship dynamics in the girls life and help look the friendship that they form.For shell, Helen refers to graven image as receiver, father, friend, universal parent. It is significant that God has these roles, as they are foundation figures in life that the girls take up fallen short of. It is possible that part of the appeal of God to Helena, and soon to Jane, is because these individuals are not present in their life.This would demonstrate and explain the importance of religion in Helens life and the comfort God brings to her. Similarly, Helen suggests that one of the appeals to God and religion is the opportunity it provides to create a relationship.When Helen tells Jane I love him, I believe he loves me, she is presenting ides of reciprocity and balance in a relationship. These ideas are contrasted in the relationships Jane and Helen have experienced in Mrs Reeds house, the orphanage and at Lowood.However, this can be a reminder to us that these ideas are seen with in the relationship between Helen and Jane emphasizing the importance of their friendship to each other and further increasing the heartbreak of her death for Jane. Helen represents a model of Christianity that stresses tolerance and acceptance.Helens compliant pose to life is center to her character and is significant in the story as it has a great impact on Jane. Helen Burns is a character incapable of anger or vengeance. This can be seen through the bullying of Helen by Mrs. Scratcherd.As Jane observes Mrs. Sctratcherd continually make her an object of constant notice she at long last lashes out at Helen for not having cleaned her nails. Helen without being told, unloosened her pinafore, and Mrs Scratcheard striked her a dozen times. Helen is unresponsive.Jane is confused by Helenas patient response to mistreatment and later tells Helen that If I were in your place, I should dislike her, I should resist her. However, her faculty to remain gracef ul and calm even in the face of (what Jane Sees as) unjustified punishment makes a great impression on Jane who heard her with wonder as Helen explained the way she conducts herself. It is possibly through Helen Burns example that Jane learns to mask her passion. As well as being an ideal for the Christian ethos, it could be tell that the character of Helen Burns possesses Christ like characteristics.Helens suffering of rejection at Lowood can be compared to savior suffering of persecution. Furthermore, her response to suffering can be said to mirror those of Jesus. The idea of Love your neighbor, summarizes Helens beliefs she never passes judgment or rebels, and she seeks to forgive those who hurt her.This view of Helen should be noted as it strike to and can emphasize the idea of Helen being a teacher to Jane, and the large impact that Helen will make on Janes life. While Jane and Helen are very dieeferent characters, Jane very much feels she can relate to Helen and learns fro m her influence.Like Jane, Helen is an orphan who longs for a home. In the scene before her death, Helen tells Jane she is going to my long home- my last home. This is one example of the difference in the two girls beliefs. Helen believes that she will find her home in heaven rather than England.This dialogue about life after death contrasts what adults in Janes life have taught her and similarly goes against Janes previous fears regarding ghosts, death and the supernatural. In this moment, however, we as the reader see Jane iscomfortable literally next to death, a concept she feared when living with the reads.This is the first intimate moment we see Jane experiencing- Jane is nestled in close to her friend, whose arm is around her. In this moment we feel Jane is contempt and comfortable. It is possible that Janes attitude to death was a fear of the unknown, which now Helen has made more familiar, therefor providing her with the strength to cope so close to death. Helens death can be seen symbolically on many levels.One interpretation of Helens death is that it symbolizes the death of Janes passion. The name Helen Burns itself implies destruction, fire and burning. Fire is a recurring subject throughout the beginning of the book, which is referred to to represent the fiery and passionate nature of Janes character.As well as this, during the short friendship between Helen and Jane, we can notice the awe in which Jane has for the levelheaded attitude that Helena carries. Therefore, on both a literary and symbolic term, the death of Helen burns suggests death or destruction to Janes passion.

EnvironmentD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

EnvironmentD - Essay ExampleDue to our careless activities in pursuit of our get comforts and luxuries, we have destroyed the various species of plants and animals that have be our planet for millennia. This write-up deals with one of the danger sight of the world, as pointed out by UNESCO. We will be discussing the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, which is the danger-zone in terms of its ecological factor, situated in India. It has been highlighted as an ecological property that is on the World Heritage list on the web target of the United Nations Educational, scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). We will talk about the causes for the dying, potential threats, programmes for conservation that have been taken up by the Government of India besides how it can lead to the extinction of some of the worlds endangered speciesLocated on the foothills of the worlds tallest mountain ranges, the Himalayas, the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is home for numerous species of animals and birds. It is one of the numerous spots around the world that is inhabited extensively by the wildlife. Since it lies at the confluence of the Indo-Gangetic and the Indo-Malayan plain, it exhibits great degree of diversity, in terms of the wildlife inhabiting the area, inclusive of a few(prenominal) endangered species like the Indian rhinoceros, the elephant, the pygmy hog and the tiger. Since it is located on the fertile alluvial bemire that is conducive for the growth of woodlands and grasslands, it is densely populated by the varied species of wildlife. However, due to the invasion of man and materialism into this animal kingdom, the sanctuary has suffered some extensive damages. Falling aprey to the numerous atrocious activities of man, in his attempt to pluck the most amount of benefits from natural resources, the sanctuary has witnessed heavy diminishment. It was named under the list of the Danger Spots of the World, in the year 1992, as a result of the destruction of the sot due to the invasion of the Assamese Bodo tribes. considerable damage had also been done due to destructive activities like poaching and others. Political stability and accomplished unrest are also cited as the reasons for this. Militant invasion, heavy human activity, etc. led to the diminishment of the pure tone of infrastructure of the sanctuary. The insurgency and militant movement that is quite rampant in the area has led to the destruction of about 30% of the tigers and 50% of the rare Indian rhinoceros. The loss is estimated to be about two meg USD. This extensive damage and its high amounting has led to numerous outcomes. The main one seems to be that fact that the site has been declared a Danger Spot. This listing has instigated the Government of India and the State Government of Assam to take up measures of refilling and resurrection of the exotic spot. The surrounding villagers being very poor

The Business Strategy Game - BSG Online game Essay

The Business dodge Game - BSG Online game - Essay ExampleIndustry all overview As we entered the footwear industry the notion of be highly competitive in the market was our main subject of concern. Through the knowledge we had gained in occupation studies, we had to apply Michael Porters five forces so that we thoroughly understand the market and promote our telephoners competitive advantage (Roy, 2009). Thus, we put the fol emiting forces into close consideration. Firstly, on the bargaining power of buyers, we power aphorism that, since the footwear industry provides an extremely competitive market, this force was at all times undergoing a poise rise. The most important chance under this force was that our union had the prospect of applying our differentiation principle for the products offered by our company. However, we observed that there was always the threat of consumers having a high bargaining margin thus saving in the possibility of a lower profit than the one we h ad anticipated. About the bargaining power of suppliers, we power saw that since there are very many suppliers in the footwear industry, this force is always very low. This was a very important prospect to our company as it meant that, we could get supply of raw materials at low price. Thus, it aided us in see to iting the strategy clock principle of selling quality products at low price. Concerning the threat of new entrants, we saw that the industry offered a great opportunity to our company. Since industry 7 was limited to five (5) groups, this threat was not applicable. In this sense, the footwear industry offered a grand opportunity for our company since we had to lay all our concentration mainly on outshining our existing competitors. Regarding the threat of substitute products, we saw this was a subject of great concern for our company. This is because, this competitive force was always very high as at most times the products available in the market were substitutes of on e another. However, this force was an important opportunity to our company since it motivated us to be very innovative. Finally, we saw that the force of competitive rivalry was a great opportunity for our company to triumph in the industry. The opportunity offered by this force was that it ensured we did all our surpass in innovating higher quality product designs. However, our company had to face the threat of our competitors using our product designs to have up with more advanced ones. Company overview As we took over management of Zenith Company Limited, we observed some(prenominal) essential strengths and weaknesses that the company already put in place (Brott, 2009). Among the most essential strengths that Zenith had created is a huge market share of around 20%. Secondly, the company had a good customer base for its products peculiarly in North America and Europe Africa. It had also done a lot in promoting its brands over the internet thus enjoying the advantage of selling its products at higher prices per pair. Our company also had the advantage of having employ a significant number of retail outlets (Hill and Jones, 2010, p. 178). However, the company had some weaknesses and they included lack of celebrity appeal. The company further had a weakness of taking a lot of time in delivering goods to its clients. Decisions Year 11 There are several decisions that we had to concur as a team. This was to ensure that our company was going to meet the goal of being very competitive