The War Of The Vietnam War - 1149 Words

During 1968, the Vietnam War was a major moment in American history. The Vietnam War was the most publicized war during its era; moreover, this was the most unpopular war to hit the United States. All over the country, riots began to raise, anti-war movement spread all over the states begging to stop the war and chaos overseas. During this time, fear and doubt were widespread due to the decisions of the government, and battles occurring in Vietnam. On Jan. 31, 1968, the Tet offense began and the Vietnamese armies surprised the American and ARVN armies as they attacked almost every major town in South Vietnam. Most of these attacks were repelled and the American people saw this as a defeat. Broadcasting was one of the first times when technology could help people comprehend what was going on. With the improvements of radio and television, the American people could watch what was going on. When they saw these events happening, they realized the power that Vietnam possessed was well mor e than what they were expecting. Although this did bring down the opinions about the war down, it also greatly affected their thoughts of the government. Before this had happened, military leaders like Gen. Westmorland were saying to Americans that the Army had everything under control. This event proved to be contradictory to all the previous statements made about the war. This Offensive also vastly affected President Johnson as well. The president’s popularity was being lost as AmericansShow MoreRelatedThe War Of Vietnam And The Vietnam War1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe war in Vietnam is The United States and other capitalist bloc countries supported South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) against the support by the Soviet Union and other socialist bloc countries of North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and the Vietcong of war. Which occurred during the Cold War of Vietnam (main battlefield), Laos, and Cambodia. This is the biggest and longtime war in American history during the 1960s (Best 2008). It is also the most significant war after World War IIRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1475 Words   |  6 Pageson one such event, the Vietnam War, came from entertainment-based programs and the play Miss Saigon. Despite heavy coverage in such well-known comedic films as Forrest Gump and Good Morning Vietnam, the true events were anything but a laugh for those involved. In spite of the relative recentness of the events in Vietnam, many of today’s youths know little about the topic. The events in Vietnam raise the ever-present question on the ethics of third party involvement in a war otherwise unrelated toRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1729 Words   |  7 Pagesspread of communism all around the world. This is what lead to the gruesome war that lasted over a decade in Vietnam. A great deal of social changed happened all over the world, but particularly in America as the Vietnam War dragged on. As people became more aware of the atrocitie s going on in Southeast Asia, the endless domestic support turned into widespread explosive protest. During the first few years of the Vietnam conflict, Americans full heartedly supported the United States and its governmentRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1379 Words   |  6 Pagestensions over the Vietnam war caused many americans to become divided on the actions taken by the government across seas. Americans questioned whether the government could be trusted. The feeling of betrayal and government secrecy created the â€Å"Credibility Gap,† in which many americans believed that the government no longer was for the people, but for anything else that would benefit the government. The Vietnam War exacerbated the gap between the pro-war traditionalists and anti-war liberals along withRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1430 Words   |  6 Pagesended in 1989, the Vietnam war is still being fought, but on a different battlefield, one of public opinion. Some call this war an atrocity, a war the United States should never have joined. Others call it a crime, committed by the power hungry politicians of the U.S. Now that new information from both sides of the war has surfaced and the wounds of battle have had more time to heal there is yet another opinion emerging. The Vietnam War was in fact only one of many proxy wars fought under the umbrellaRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Vietnam War cost many Americans their lives in the 60s and 70s. Many were drafted into the war by choice and others selectively chosen to join to help America. The contributions made had a major impact on the American side of the Vietnam War. Though many contributions were made none stand out any more than others. It is sometimes said there is always a hero in the war who helped the victory. Wars, however, do not have war heroes because a hero is making an undeniable contribution to the war andRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War was said to be one of the most significant wars in the twentieth century. This w ar took place from November 1, 1955 to April 30, 1975. It was at the time, the longest war in American history. Much of the conflict was centered in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. During that time, approximately 58,219 US troops were killed in action. The reason America got involved in the Vietnam War was to stop the spread of communism in South East Asia and beyond. â€Å"America’s involvement in Vietnam derivedRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1204 Words   |  5 Pagesus†¦ When that is the way you are, how do you conduct your life?† The Vietnam War killed over fifty eight thousand Americans and over 61% of the men killed were 21 years or younger. Most Americans are conflicted with the fact whether the Anti War Movement played a factor in prolonging the Vietnamese War. â€Å"In every story there are two sides and in between lies the truth.† Anonymous The United States become involved in Vietnam after the French withdrew when the Republican President Dwight EisenhowerRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War877 Words   |  4 PagesAnother big difference in this war was that the Vietnam War was had more disapproval and was more expressive within the American public, unlike the Korean War. The ANITWAR MOVEMENT started in the 1960s this group was never enacted until this era. There was not a group like this in Vietnam, but there were many groups that opposed the war. The main object of these revolts was the American military presence in Indochina. The ANITWAR MOVEMENT caused an influence not only socially, but also in the realmRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1421 Words   |  6 PagesIn July and August of 1972, Jane Fonda made radio broadcasts from Hanoi that changed the way Americans thought of the Vietnam war and of her. To this day, many people view her as a traitor and criticise her actions in Vietnam; however, some people we re truly inspired by her words and what she had to say. Despite people s personal opinions, Fonda was a powerful speaker and knew how to convey her message to her audience. She tried to convince people that the American government and military were the

Invictus Movie Analysis - 2408 Words

Movie Analysis Invictus The movie I watched and will review in the following paragraphs is ‘Invictus.’ I took this opportunity to watch this movie and analyze the leadership style of Nelson Mandela along with two others in this film. This report is categorized by a brief review of the motion picture including descriptions of events which I found relevant to the topic and leadership style of three individuals from the movie. The leadership style is done using Kouzes and Posner and also some of the other leadership theories discussed in this class. This is followed by concluding thoughts and specific examples of how I can take some of the leadership traits displayed in this movie and implement them in my own life. I googled the definition of ‘Invictus’ and found that to mean ‘unconquered’ or ‘invincible’ in Latin. The reason the movie is titled Invictus is the use of the poem titled the same to extend inspiration. Nelson Mandela mentions in the movie that ‘Invictus’ which is a short Victorian poem by an English poet inspired him during his time in prison at Robben Island. The movie is about how Nelson Mandela uses the National rugby team of South Africa which was earlier a symbol of apartheid to unite the people of the country and bring together the ‘torn’ country after assuming a leadership role as the President. There are various instances mentioned in this report which illustrate how he inspired others and led by example. Upon being released from prison Nelson MandelaShow MoreRelatedFilm Analysis : Invictus Movie Analysis1241 Words   |  5 Pages Invictus Movie Analysis Name Institution Introduction The words indicate that a leader should not always be at the forefront, but he or she can leave some duties of the position to his subjects. The case fittingly applies to instances when the people are the ones who actively participate in certain achievements and therefore, they should be given the credit for it while their leader partakes in the attainment in a passive manner. However, the leader should be in the forefront to protectRead MoreAmerica s The Global Movie Scene806 Words   |  4 PagesFor generations, Hollywood has dominated the global movie scene. In many countries American films capture up to 90 percent of the market (Campbell 201). Cultural studies is in fact the study of the ways in which culture is constructed and organized and the ways in which it evolves and changes over time. More recently, as globalization has started to intensify, and the United States government has been actively promoting free trade agendas and trade on cultural products, which led Hollywoo d into becomingRead MoreEffective Leadership And The Leadership Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesanalyze the leadership theories and demonstrate different styles of leadership Nelson Mandela implemented in the movie â€Å"Invictus†. 2.0 Analysis: - 2.1. Scene 1: - Mandela Invites Pienaar: - Mandel invites Francois Pienaar, a white Afrikaner and South African (Springbok) Rugby team captain, at the government office and motivates him to win the 1995 Rugby World Cup. 2.1.1. Analysis Theory Integration: - Mandela invites Pienaar at the president office. The leadership of Pienaar was importantRead MoreThe Characters Of Nelson Mandela And The 1995 South Africa s Rugby Team Captain Francois Pienaar Essay2146 Words   |  9 Pages1.0 Introduction: In the film ‘Invictus’ the characters of President Nelson Mandela and the 1995 South Africa’s rugby team captain Francois Pienaar exhibit excellent example of leadership theory and concept which help viewers to comprehend and take in the lesson of fundamental leadership practices and the results. By traits and behavioural leadership theory we can recognizes the fundamental qualities and practices principally showed by every viable pioneer. These characteristics and practices additionallyRead MoreNelson Mandelas Leadership4907 Words   |  20 PagesReason and inspiration of choosing him as a worthy leader, has become the movie ,,Invictus† OUR PURPOSE: Present Nelson Mandela’s diverse characteristics, styles, tactics through analysis that explains him as successful leader. WHAT HAVE BEEN DONE? - For our purpose we have provided: ï‚ · Theoretical studies; ï‚ · Data collection from: Internet Books Magazine-interviews Film ï‚ · Comparison of collected data and analysis with the materials studied so far; Page 5 NELOSN MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP Read MoreThe Media s Choice Of A Desert2122 Words   |  9 Pagesin the oppositional position are the audience that do not share the text s code. Although they understand the meaning, they reject it. Here it can be Africans, especially Nigerians. First, they realize and know that, apart from being fiction, the movie was not shot in Nigeria, and the film does not reflect what can happen in today’s Nigeria, so they reject the message. After the message was interpreted at the Reproduction stage. The dominant audience does not just get the message of the film, but

Branding Sales Revenue In Coles Supermarket â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Branding Sales Revenue In Coles Supermarket? Answer: Introduction Branding serves as a powerful tool that facilitates in attracting its target consumers to purchase specific products. In a developed nation like Australia, supermarket industry is positioned as among the major industries that basically contributes to the economic development. Consumers decision making and branding plays a major role in retail industry that can increase sales revenue and can further impact Coles supermarket within the market (Armstrong et al., 2014). Sales revenue can get increased if the retailers tend to be highly associated in manufacturing a product differentiation. In addition to a particular brand name, branding is also composed of effective packaging, products, advertising, and promotion along with its total presentation that grabs attention of a huge consumer base. Branding serves as a means to differentiate between its all the products and such differences might be rational, functional or tangible associated with product performance of the brand that can furt her increase a companys sales revenue. Sales revenue can get increased based on the impact of branding on consumers of a retail company (Bailey, 2017). If the consumers of the retail company focus on associating brand with the value of a product they tend to purchase the same product. Considering the same, Coles supermarket focuses on brand building so that all its target consumers get attracted towards the retail organization and its products. Retail companies like Coles supermarket greatly focuses on brand building so that it can increase importance and sales of its products that can bring in high revenue. It can also be gathered that attaining consumer attention through suitable branding of its products serves as a major objective of the sellers to increase sales revenue of these products in the retail market (Bailey Bailey, 2016). Problem Statement Brand is serves as the most vital factor for the businesses in the current days in order to improve the sells along with maintaining goodwill among all its consumers. Coles is positioned as a renowned brand in Australia (Ball et al., 2015). Moreover, brand image has a considerable role that impacts its sales revenue. Supermarkets directly started to source materials from the manufactures to utilize within own brand along with generic products that came to compete successfully with branded products. Efficiency of the sales promotion might be investigated by decreasing the sales bump in the promotion duration into increase in sales because of brand shifting, acceleration of purchase time and stockpiling (Biddle, 2016). Such results depict that more than 84% of increased sales as promotion can be derived from brand switching. Brand can either increase or decrease organizations sales. Brand served as an asset for any business to perform in a better manner. As Coles is not just a supermar ket in Australia, as Aldi and K-mart are its major competitors within the retail sector within Australia. For such reasons, sustaining a trusted brand image among recognized competitors is a challenging work (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). As within the sectors like supermarket, brand maintains a significant focus on consumer buying behavior that has a considerable impact on sales revenue. For this reason, the current research focuses on analyzing impacts of branding on Coles sales revenue. Research Objectives/ Questions The aim of the current research is to analyze the impacts of branding on sales revenue of the Coles supermarket. The objectives of the current research that are to be addressed are explained below: To recognize the perceptions of consumers for the brand To reveal the previous sales revenue of Coles supermarket To realize the recent brand image of Coles supermarket To develop a research survey that facilitates in investigating the effect of branding on sales revenue Justification of the Project The current research is focuses on making great attempts in explaining the impacts of branding on sales revenue of the Coles supermarket (Burch Goss, 2011). This research will has high implications for the marketers of Coles supermarket in developing highly effective branding strategies that can increase sales revenue of the company. In providing such implications, the recent research will explain the fact that consumers require focusing on the product value before making a product selection. However, a company focuses on focusing on the brand building concept so that the customers get attained in the company or towards a particular product (Chaudhuri Holbrook, 2013). The research will also explain that such competition level is present in the market that tries to work on several aspects that can facilitate the company in attracting new consumers along with retaining the existing consumers. The paper will also explain that the consumers attempts to select better quality that is gen erally assumed with attaining increased help of branding and goodwill of the company. Considering the same, taking the example of Coles Supermarket the research will also focus on brand building so that relevance of a specific product is increased and sale of goods takes place (Chimhundu, McNeill Hamlin, 2015). The paper will explain the aspects based on which Coles supermarket can improve branding strategies to increase their sales revenue. The paper will focus on analyzing the mind of consumers along with decision making on a product based on the branding concept. Expected Research Outcome The research results are intended to offer an analytical structure along with evaluating the impact of branding on sales revenue of the Coles supermarket in Australia. The results of the research will facilitate the super marketers to develop effective branding strategies more specifically will enable marketers of Coles Supermarket to improve, evaluate and develop effective competitive strategies (Dwivedi Merrilees, 2016). Such strategies can further facilitate the company in attaining increase sales revenue with improving companys performance along with maintaining competitive advantages among others. This will also facilitate the supermarket marketers to understand the overall picture of the scenario and facilitate the marketers to perform better in case branding strategies are not that efficient in generating enough sales revenue (Dwivedi Charlin, 2016). All the developed research questions as explained previously is deemed to be answered based on the empirical evidence within the literature review sections, data collection along with data analysis which will be used in the current research. The anticipated results of the research will be considered as the solutions of the recognized research problem in the current research proposal (Ghalebeigi, 2015). In addition to the same, the current research will not only be helpful for the marketers of Coles supermarket, it will also serve as an advantage for the consumers those rely on branding for predict selection that can supervise the reasons for sales revenue increase in a better manner. Conceptual Framework and Research Hypothesis The major objective of the current research is to carry out this research based on the below described conceptual framework (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Considering the elements of the conceptual framework, the paper will focus on analyzing the impact of branding strategies of Coles supermarket on its increasing sales revenue. In the current research sales revenue is considered as the dependent variable and independent variables includes branding (brand image and advertising). Figure 1: Conceptual Framework (Source: Authors Creation) Brand is serves as the most vital factor for the businesses in the current days in order to improve the sells along with maintaining goodwill among all its consumers. Coles is positioned as a renowned brand in Australia (Ball et al., 2015). Moreover, brand image has a considerable role that impacts its sales revenue. Supermarkets directly started to source materials from the manufactures to utilize within own brand along with generic products that came to compete successfully with branded products. Efficiency of the sales promotion might be investigated by decreasing the sales bump in the promotion duration into increase in sales because of brand shifting, acceleration of purchase time and stockpiling. Brand image is deemed to be directly linked with revenue performance of a company (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). This is for the reason that brand image can be explained as the marketing and financial values associated with a brands strength within the market that encompass awaren ess of brand name, brand loyalty, perceived brand quality along with brand associations. This will also facilitate the supermarket marketers to understand the overall picture of the scenario and facilitate the marketers to perform better in case branding strategies are not that efficient in generating enough sales revenue. Brand image can be related with the way in which consumer reacts to the brands aspects of marketing mix in comparison to the factious alternative within the product category. Increasing revenue through enhancing brand image is focused on two major aspects that include selecting brand identities such as logo and name along with developing certain supporting marketing initiatives that links all the identities (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Branding on packaging is deemed to have an increased impact on consumer selection of products within the retail environment. Branding on packaging of the retail products is gathered to serve two important purposes such as guiding consumers attention towards certain brands and increasing sales revenue through attaining attention of the consumers. It is evident that branding strategies of Coles supermarket can be highly effective on influencing consumer behavior through increasing recognition towards certain brands (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Increased attention towards a particular brand or product is deemed to develop high purchase intention of the consumers that can increase sales of that particular product. Branding serves as a process of developing a communication bridge between the sellers and the purchasers. Branding strategies developed by the retail companies also involves constructing trust and confidence relationship that makes the consumers loyal to the company desp ite of available substitute products or prices (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Brand building is a highly effective trend presents in the market those facilitators a company in improving its participation. Target consumers tend to focus on the branding concept as iota involves maintaining increased control and dominance in the marketplace over its existing competitors. Effective brand management facilitates a company in developing higher consumer base for the company that can further increase sales revenue of the company amidst its competitors and gaining mind positioning among its consumers (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Brand management requires maintaining brand awareness so that its consumers can attain enough product knowledge offered by the company and then go for purchasing any product. Considering the same, it can be stated that followed by brand awareness, increased focus on brand image is also needed that can help a company in effective branding of its products among the consumers and generating increased sale revenue (Bogomolova, Szabo Kennedy, 2017). Research Hypotheses In consideration to the problem statement identified in the research along with focusing on the research objective, the following research hypotheses has been developed for testing through the current research. H0: Developing effective branding strategies by Coles supermarket can improve its sales revenue. There is positive relationship between the branding strategies and improvement of sales revenue. H1: Developing effective branding strategies by Coles supermarket cannot improve its sales revenue. There is no positive relationship between the branding strategies and improvement of sales revenue. Methodology The research methodologies that will be employed in analyzing the impacts of branding on sales revenue of the Coles supermarket are explained below: Literature review: Literature review research methodology will be employed in the current research that will be focused on gathering data from previous sales records of Coles supermarket that will be employed as a secondary data in data analysis (Gupta, 2014). In addition to that numerous previous journals on brand image of Coles supermarket and its sales revenue pattern will also be employed. Other than these different peer reviews along with previous research reports on Coles supermarkets brand and sales revenue factors, previous surveys and distinct associated books will be brought to use in analyzing data (Zarkada-Fraser Fraser, 2015). Literature review research methodology is employed in the current research as this facilitates in conducting relevant research concerned about certain influences on the impact of branding strategies on increasing sales revenue of Coles supermarket (Jary Wileman, 2016). A detailed analysis of previous papers will be carried out that can offer a cr itical look on the present research important for making future research implications on branding and its impact on increasing sales revenue of Coles supermarket. Data Analysis: For analyzing the collected data in the current research two major techniques will be employed such as qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data analysis can be used as a technique in which different questionnaire will be used for surveying the consumers regarding their perception on the products of Coles Supermarket (Jones, 2017). Qualitative data analysis will be conducted in the current research for the reason that it offers a broad methodological approach which uses several research methods. These methods analyze the reasons of decision making on a research problem. In addition, quantitative data analysis technique will employ previous data that will be explained through representation in graphs and charts (Lawrence Dixon, 2015). Quantitative research is used in the current research for it is deemed to gather huge amount of relevant data. This analysis is applied to the raw data so that displaying of the research can be done in a better manner, particularly for those that understand the area within which statistics belong. Numerical data analysis in quantitative data analysis financial the researchers to evaluate data that is unavailable to the researcher. This analysis will also facilitate the researcher to organize and summarize along with developing the data for others use (McDonald, 2015). Organization of the Research The organization of the current research is explained under: Chapter one of the current research will prepare an introduction of the study that will include research purpose, background, scope, context and structure of the research. Chapter two of the research will focus on preparing a detailed literature review based on previous researches. Chapter three of the research will be focused on explaining the detail of methodology that will encompass data source, conceptual framework, data alignment along with data analysis. Chapter four of the current research will be focused on elaborating the result and the research analysis. Chapter five will include conclusion based in the completion of the research that will encompass major strategic adoption, future research along with necessary recommendations. Gantt chart Task Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Selection of topic and search for justification Constructing literature Selecting appropriate methods Data collection Data analysis and representation Reviewing the outcomes Conclusions and recommendations Submitting draft of the project Printing and final submission Project Budget and its Justification The budget for the current research is anticipated to be $5,800 in order to complete the same within a particular time frame (from week 1 to week 9) as mentioned within the Gantt chart. This budget was allocated for the purpose under: The literature review: In order to complete the current project, it is needed to utilize the textbooks, online resources and published journals that are not available free of cost (Melnyk Bijmolt, 2015). The overall cost is anticipated to be approximately $1,400. Data Collection process: In consideration to questionnaires and surveys, it can be stated that these can be sent to the respondents by post or in person (Miranda, Konya Havrila, 2015). E-mail did not serve to be effective method for gathering relevant information due to the reason that it might remain unanswered within the junk mail box. For this reason, it is highly effective to distribute questionnaires/surveys in person along with sending surveys through posts might serve as an option if it is highly inconvenient to travel for the respondents (Van Heerde, Gupta Wittink, 2013). Expenses related with data collection, posting, travelling along with printing can be anticipated to be approximately $2,400. Data Analysis: The research will consider analyzing collected data through using charts; tables and figures firm the private as well as the government sectors (Mortimer, 2015). In addition, payment has to be made for collecting some of these data and accessing from the paid websites. Considering the same, expenses in attaining such access to the data is anticipated to cost around $2,000. Reference List Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S., Kotler, P. (2014).Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Bailey, M. (2017). Absorptive Capacity, International Business management Knowledge Transfer, and Local Adaptation: Establishing Discount Department Stores in Australia.Australian Economic History Review,57(2), 194-216. Bailey, M., Bailey, M. (2016). Marketing to the Big Middle: establishing Australian discount department stores.Journal of Historical Research in Marketing,8(3), 416-433. Ball, K., McNaughton, S. A., Le, H. N., Gold, L., Mhurchu, C. N., Abbott, G., ... Crawford, D. (2015). Influence of price discounts and skill-building strategies on purchase and consumption of healthy food and beverages: outcomes of the Supermarket Healthy Eating for Life randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition,101(5), 1055-1064. Biddle, I. (2016). The Wesfarmers/Woolworths duopoly war: The Bunnings vs. Masters battle.Busidate,24(3), 3. Bogomolova, S., Szabo, M., Kennedy, R. (2017). Retailers' and manufacturers' price-promotion decisions: Intuitive or evidence-based?.Journal of Business Research,76, 189-200. Burch, D., Goss, J. (2011). Global Sourcing and Retail Chains: Shifting Relationships of Production in Australian Agri?foods.Rural Sociology,64(2), 334-350. Chaudhuri, A., Holbrook, M. B. (2013). The chain of effects from brand trust and brand affect to brand performance: the role of brand loyalty.Journal of marketing,65(2), 81-93. Chimhundu, R., McNeill, L. S., Hamlin, R. P. (2015). Manufacturer and retailer brands: is strategic coexistence the norm?.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),23(1), 49-60. Dwivedi, A., Merrilees, B. (2016). Australasian Marketing Journal. Dwivedi, A., Charlin, B. (2016). Holistic consumer evaluation of retail corporate brands and impact on consumer loyalty intentions.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),24(1), 69-78. Ghalebeigi, A. (2015).Option Contracts for Super marketingFruit Supply Chains: Theory and Practice(Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University). Gupta, S. (2014). Impact of Sales Promotions on When, What, and How Much to Buy.Journal of Marketing Research,25(4), 342-355. doi:10.2307/3172945 Jary, M., Wileman, A. (2016).Retail Power Plays: From Trading to Brand Leadership. Springer. Jones, R. (2017).Branding: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. Lawrence, G., Dixon, J. (2015). 11. The political economy of agri-food: Supermarkets.Handbook of the International Political Economy of Agriculture and Food, 213. McDonald, P. W. (2015). Brand gravity: why line extensions of national brands attract one another and line extensions of store brands repel one another: a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from Macquarie University. Melnyk, V., Bijmolt, T. (2015). The effects of introducing and terminating loyalty programs.European Journal of Marketing,49(3/4), 398-419. Miranda, M. J., Konya, L., Havrila, I. (2015). Fine Tuning Customer Satisfaction to Prevent Shopper Attrition. InAssessing the Different Roles of Marketing Theory and Practice in the Jaws of Economic Uncertainty(pp. 152-156). Springer, Cham. Mortimer, G. (2015). Move over Aldi, Lidl may be next for Australian market.The Conversation, (15). Van Heerde, H. J., Gupta, S., Wittink, D. R. (2013). Is 75% of the sales promotion bump due to brand switching? No, only 33% is.Journal of Marketing Research,40(4), 481-491. Zarkada-Fraser, A., Fraser, C. (2015). Integrating social and economic orientated marketing: A study of retail management. InProceedings of the 2000 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 219-223). Springer, Cham.

Osmosis in Onion Cell Essay Example

Osmosis in Onion Cell Paper A living plant cell will shrinks or swells depending on the solute concentration of the cell in relation to the solute concentration of the fluid surrounding the cell (1). It follows that water will move from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration, therefore, if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution water will move from the cell into the scauseson until the cell shrinks(l). Further water loss auses can cause the cells protoplasm to peel away from the cell wall leaving a gap between the cell wall and the cell membrane, a process called plasmolysis(l) However if the cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, water will move from the solution into the cell and cause the cell to burst (1). A cell in an isotonic solution neither swells nor shrinks because there is no concentration gradient for water across the cell membrane (1) The objective of this experiment is to find out the effect distilled water, 3% sodium chloride solution and 5% sodium chloride solution have on nion epidermal cells. We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis in Onion Cell specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis in Onion Cell specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis in Onion Cell specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From the above literature, its hypothesised that the cells in distilled water should maintain their shape, cells in 3% sodium chloride should shrink and the cells in 5% sodium chloride should experience more shrinking than that of the 3% solution. The onion epidermal cell is transparent with a simple structure so it is a suitable cell for studying the effect of water loss on cells (2) Some specimens can be viewed directly underneath the microscope but putting a drop of water on the specimen can improve how the structures appear under icroscope and also prevent the specimen from drying out on the slide (2). Adding water to the specimen is called wet mount. The liquid used in wet mount fills the space between the slides to support the specimen and also allows light to pass through easily (3). The liquid is usually water can also be a stain. Stains are used in microscopy to highlight structures in biological structures for viewing under microscopes (3). There are many types of stains each is used for its own benefits, iodine, eosin are some of the common stains used in the microscopy (3). Iodine is used as a cell stain because its absorbed by cell organelles which are mostly transparent and turn them coloured making them more visible under the microscope (3). It was found that the cells which were placed in 3% solution increased in size contrary to the hypothesis. The cells placed in 5% solution shrank and cells in placed in normal saline kept their normal shape. MATERIALS Glass slide Cover slip Onion tissue Dropper Light miscrope Sodium chloride (NaCl) Distilled water Tweezers Measuring tube Bunsen tube Pipette Blotting paper Stage micrometer METHOD Lay down three different slides labelling the three different solution you intend to use. Peel a thin layer of tissues (epidermis) using the forceps (tweezers) from the whole onion. Put the epidermis on the center of each of the slide displayed and labelled. Drop a few drops of each of the labelled solutions onto the onion membrane, making sure the tissues is flattened and not wrinkled on the slide. Wait for 3 minutes before putting a cover slip on the slide. Put the cover slip on the stained tissue and the different solutions involve. Gently tap out any air bubbles and ry to soak out any extra solution around the covered tissues. Adjust the diaphragm so that the right amount of light is shining on the slide stage. Put the slide onto the microscope stage and fix with the stage clips Observe the tissues under the microscope under low, medium and high powers. Also making sketches, writing down observation. Making sure of an eye piece graticule and stage micrometer scale to measure cells and units. Be sure to write what magnification for each sketch. Make sure you label any organelles you see. Cell wall, membrane, nucleus and ytoplasm Calculate magnification of drawings and actual sizes of specimens DATA The eye piece graticule remains constant no matter what magnification the epidermis are looked at. RESULTS DISCUSSIONS CONLUSION References 1 . Sperelakis, Nicholas (2011). Cell Physiology Source Book: Essentials of Membrane Biophysics. Academic press. p. 288. ISBN 978-0-12-387738-3. 2. Horobtn RW, Kiernan JA (2002) Conns Biological Stains. A Handbook of Dyes Stains and Fluorochromes for (1981) Staining Procedures, 4th ed. , Baltimore: Williams Wilkins, p. 412, ISBN 0683017071 .