Dream act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dream act - Essay Example Here the Dream Act allows temporary residency only for minors who have good character. â€Å"Hence the dream Act gives an opportunity to build the career of helpless children; I support the bill with wholeheartedness† (Thesis). It is not abnormal to punish the immigrants who lands up illegally in America because many a times theses people turns out to be criminals and offenders of law. But the children migrated along with their parents are innocent and helpless. So bill like Dream Act saves their lives. Even though Dream act nurture the life of migrant youth, this can motivate more illegal immigrants to land in America. They would be motivated to come to USA and utilize the dream act to make up and establish the lives of their children. America is a rich country and it is the obligation of the country to give home to poor and less fortunate people of developing and poor countries. But this must be done on a restrictive amount. It is not necessary for the government to give shelter to all illegal immigrants but only to a certain percentage of migrants who has good human values. Illegal immigrant is poor and helpless, but this does not omit the fact of them having unethical character and criminal background. In such a circumstance, the government should ban the arrival of illegal immigrants and should deport the one who cross the borders by cheating the border security. It is mostly Mexican and Hispanic migrants who cross the border illegally spread violence, crime and substance abuse in United States Dream Act is indefinitely a good approach to help the children of illegal immigrants but government should also give education to the adults who cross American borders. Educating these people bring in some refinement in their personality and would make them potential for professional employment. If people are taught professional skill and techniques, they can make a living in their own county. After educating and giving them professional skill, they would be

Detailing Product Life Cycles Essay Example for Free

Detailing Product Life Cycles Essay We may conclude that ISO 14001 has significant and direct profit and wealth creation potentials. Companies need effective management accounting systems to monitor all costs and benefits that accrue from the ISO 14001 process. Companies also need to market the consumer and social benefits of ISO 14001 effectively to targeted market segments for which environmental management matters. ISO 14001 and Seasonal Business Union Carbide’s Indian pesticides business, which caused the toxic cloud in Bhopal, was a highly seasonal business, with uncertainties regarding pest outbreaks and cropping patterns. The accident occurred in December, some 100 days after the peak demand for pesticides in that sub-tropical climate, with monsoon-dependant crop acreages. The worldwide tourism business is another example of high seasonal fluctuations in demand. Cyclical downturns are notorious for taking place when full complements of expert staff are not available, as outside normal working hours. Any operation with wide differences between times of peak demand and off-peak times, will inevitably respond by having fewer people available for watch and ward duties, at some times. Environmental Management Systems can never afford to slacken their vigilance, as all dangers and risks are not necessarily related with peak loads. ISO 14001 offers a reliable structure within which systems can operate to adequate standards even during times of low demand. The documentation support of ISO 14001 can prove to be invaluable in containing the emergent implications of any incident. The tourism industry benefits from ISO 14001, not only because of the off-season protection, but simultaneously because of the demand for eco-tourism and out of sustainability concerns for this large service sector. ISO 14001 is especially useful for any enterprise with high seasonality of demand. It helps organizations establish infrastructure that can maintain emergency response and environmental management capabilities at optimal costs during the lean seasons. It also helps companies to plan for peak demand in terms of environmental loads. These advantages are over and above the other benefits of the system that apply to all registrants. ISO 14001 and Building Projects The project nature of civil construction, and its high involvement with third party contractors, places a special challenge for ISO 14001. The growing demand for ‘green buildings. ’ is a special opportunity for the system. ISO is very well suited for the construction industry, and can help it meet new demands for sustainability. Much of the most lasting harm to the environment from modern industry arises from the materials, processes and designs of buildings and related civil structures. Asbestos abatement has been the focus of many environmental management standards of the building industry during the recent past. Asbestos exposure has occurred 3-4 decades earlier. This is a powerful reminder of the need for LCA in civil construction. The entire ISO 14001 system has a host of similar benefits for all stakeholders in the building industry. Architecture and ISO 14001 share a common emphasis on the design phase of projects, to avoid problems arising out of implementation. Hence, professionals in the construction business are especially amenable to the spirit of ISO 14001. The system has much to contribute by way of reducing material wastage in construction, and in reducing energy loads of actual use of buildings. ISO 14001 is eminently suited to meet the certification standards of the Green Building Council, and the specifications for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) status. ISO 14001 has additional benefits with respect to protecting investors from a legal point of view in real estate transactions. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), accompanies a number of state and local regulations that have major environmental implications. Any business in the construction or real estate business can benefit from ISO 14001, as they will have a sound system to choose projects with which they can be involved. They can also plan for full legal compliance as new laws take effect. ISO 14001 has powerful marketing potential for real estate developers. Investors and people on the market for buying homes would be inevitably attracted to projects that have sound environmental management systems in place. Buildings, neighborhoods and cities that make minimal imprints on the environment, that have track records of continual improvement and that make invaluable savings in maintenance resources, will always appreciate and attract communities. ISO 14001 has the potential to become mandatory for new real estate projects, particularly for ones in places that are rich in natural resources. ISO 14001 and Equator Principles Banks that subscribed to the Equator Principles have often found themselves in difficult situations, having to assess the environmental impacts of projects that for which they consider financing. Conflicting views from various stakeholders can be difficult for lenders to reconcile, as many aspects of the matter require local expertise and technological appreciation. ISO 14001 offers a solution for such matters, since it calls for a transparent and systematic assessment of chosen aspects, with a structured audit and review process. The Equator Principles could extend towards fields of transnational endeavor other than funding, and ISO 14001 can be a reliable and universal bridge for assessment and continual evaluation. The next decades will see a spurt in funded development projects in large tracts of the world. There is enormous pressure for large projects designed to bring succor to rural and urban communities. Funding will be mostly across geographical boundaries as capital resources are centered with countries other than the ones with the physical features for development. Investors and sources of public funds everywhere will face questions about environmental management, as they peruse candidate projects from distant locations. ISO 14001 is a good solution in these circumstances, for it provides a neutral and universal format in which all developers and governments can plan to manage the environmental impacts of the new projects that they conceive. International bodies can respond to social activists who claim that most development projects cause environmental harm, by asking project owners to use the transparency and accountability of the ISO 14000 series. SME Experience with ISO 14001 The vast majority of enterprises in most countries belong to the small and medium categories. ISO 14001 cannot be the force that it should, unless the system proves to be valid, useful and feasible for such organizations. A superficial look at ISO 14001 could lead most observers to conclude that it is too involved and expensive for any but the largest of corporations to afford. However, the reality is that ISO 14001 lends itself to adoption by even small and medium enterprises. An on-line survey of small and medium enterprises (those with fewer than 100 employees) with ISO 14001, displays pleasantly surprising results (International Organization for Standardization, 2005). Pressures to comply with environmental regulations, demands from corporate customers that are higher up in the supply chain and lucrative opportunities in foreign markets, are the three most important stimulants for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to seek the business advantages of ISO 14001. Many SMEs lose out because they do not seek ISO 14001 certifications, either out of ignorance, or because of wrong impressions they hold of the resources required. There is a clear need to make the system’s benefits more widely known and more accurately appreciated. Many SME owners incorrectly believe that pollution is an exclusive preserve of large corporations! The significant negative contributions of SMEs to environmental management are often ignored, especially if units are scattered and relatively isolated. Many SMEs stay away from ISO 14001 as they are not aware of government and institutional support available for them to secure certification within their means. Some consultants confound the issue by outlying more paperwork and bureaucracy than is necessary for the sizes of some potential clients. SMEs also have the choice to build their EMSs on alternative systems that compete with ISO 14001. It would appear overall that ISO 14001 has a great deal of unused potential with respect to EMSs for SMEs. This is a marketing challenge for country organizations of the ISO body. SMEs can be very wasteful of material and energy, albeit on a relatively small scale. They may not be immediately aware of wastes they generate, but this has a cumulative effect that has to be addressed at some stage. Pest Control Operators and Applicators are classic examples of small enterprises that deal with highly toxic chemicals. The latter can affect wide areas and large communities. All SMEs everywhere can use ISO 14001 to fight competition from better resourced corporations, by using effective EMSs. The move to terminate enterprises that have no controls on the pollution they cause and the hazards inherent in their operations, is current already. Growth is a natural evolution even for SMEs. ISO 14001, apart from protecting business interests as described above, also has the power to afford rapid growth for SMEs. The Internet enables local companies to achieve global reach. ISO 14001 can help them match their new found logistical strengths with EMSs that work. Any SME with growth ambitions has to use ISO 14001 as essential infrastructure for its future plans. Summary of Benefits of Environmental Management Systems Environmental management standards help companies to build their transactions across territorial boundaries. It is likely to become a sort of pre-requisite for global corporations. Emerging economies must develop expertise in environmental management to fight non-tariff barriers to markets in advanced economies. It is an integral part of the branding process. Environmental management systems help companies and organizations respond to important concerns of their main stakeholders. It is therefore a matter of priority for most entities in the conventional world. Companies from all sectors of the economy have become aware of the pressing need to conserve precious natural resources (Case Studies, 2002). ISO 14001 has enabled companies such as Apple stay abreast of changing regulation on environmental matters. The company was able to eliminate lead from batteries, and later to substitute Nickel-Cadmium batteries in line with European Union directives. These are concrete examples of how ISO 14001 helps companies stay in business by conforming in time to new and higher environmental protection standards. Apple’s switch to lithium ion batteries is an example of how ISO 14001 can squeeze additional ingenuity out of the industrial sector. Progressive companies such as Apple Computers buy products and services from companies that demonstrate effective commitment to environmental conservation (Case Studies, 2002). Supply chain considerations make ISO 14001 essential for the suppliers of major corporations. The proponents of ISO 14001 started by show-casing the benefits of the discipline in terms of the ethics of environmental concerns. The world has moved on since then, and ISO 14001 is no longer an option chosen by those with surplus cash. ISO 14001 has become a vital visa that provides contemporary corporations with the rights to continue business in the 21st century. The days of firms that do not meet ISO 14001 standards, are numbered. Savings in energy bills provide financial succor to firms that invest in reducing power consumption. This is a good example of the meeting point between the financial and non-financial advantages of environmental management systems. ISO 14001 is voluntary and flexible. It does not enforce any external standards. Companies can tailor their individual EMSs to the nature of their enterprise, and to the levels of expertise they have achieved in environmental management. It is a stable framework for the conduct of modern business that will appeal to professionals, and it is an effective way of extracting new efficiencies out of matured business processes. What Is It? The International Standards Organization, with its impressive name, has given ISO 14000 impressive credentials. The success of the ISO 9000 series in promoting quality consciousness has created high expectations in terms of the 14000 series enjoying similar success on the environmental front. However, many people are still not aware of the precise nature and scope of ISO 14000. The ISO 14000 series started in 1991: the first standards were published in 1996. It is therefore less well known and understood than the 9000 series which have been used for longer. The ISO 14000 series helps organizations meet environmental issues (Hanson, A. J. not dated). It is a documentation system that sets out objectives with priorities, divides responsibilities amongst a team, and provides for independent audit. It is important to bear in mind that ISO 14000 is not a single system, but rather a series of international standards (Environmental Management Guide 2004). ISO 14001 helps organizations to implement EMS, to ensure conformance to standards, to ensure compliance with relevant regulation and to seek independent certification (Environmental Management Guide 2004). Any organization that uses ISO 14001 disciplines will be better equipped to deal with the challenges of environmental management. ISO 14001 is one unit of the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14000 is a voluntary system-business houses and organization have rights to decide on whether or not they would like to invest in it. It has a pervasive influence, and calls for serious commitment of time and money. The decision to use ISO 14000 is therefore strategic by nature. Though community and key customer pressures can often be motivating factors, some organizations opt for ISO certification out of genuine concern for the environment. ISO 14000 recognizes environmental conservation as an integral part of organizational process, on par with more traditional functions such as Finance, Personnel and so on. The system must integrate with the total company organization and structure, if it is to yield meaningful and lasting benefits. Most companies start their ISO 14000 experiences with the help of experienced consultants, but that does not preclude deployment of significant human resources from an organization’s own pool. ISO 14000 has three major sections: life cycle analysis, environmental performance evaluation and labeling (Hanson, A. J. not dated). ISO 14001 in the series is concerned with environmental management systems. Organizations should plan to deploy the full ISO 14000 series over time, though they may start with ISO 14001 for reasons of resource constraints, to obtain the benefits of focus, and to give time to their employees to adjust to the new way of working. The ISO 14000 series is a guide that almost every organization can adapt to its specific needs. The system is very flexible in terms of fitting in to various sets of circumstances. Companies that work for profit have used ISO 14000 more widely than social organizations and government bodies. Firms from diverse segments of industry and even the services have all used ISO 14000 with equally remarkable success. However, the ISO system is not a packaged solution by itself. It is up to each registrant to use the system to its advantage. ISO promotes a new culture of professionalism. The documentation and procedures that the system enjoins on its followers, enforces a systematic approach to issues. It also promotes transparency, and ensures that organizations can respond in uniform manner, with low dependence on individual whims. It is especially useful to deal with emergent situations, and in ones in which a large number of variables require simultaneous consideration. Employees of an ISO 14000 certified organization display new confidence about their responsibilities and can do a more complete job of conserving the environment. ISO 14001 is a new template for modern business. It acknowledges the ubiquitous role of the environment in our lives, and provides paths to sustainable compromises that technology and conventional issues can negotiate with our natural surroundings. The ISO 14000 series can give a new lease of life to a business that is under attack because of the hazards and toxicity that it entails. It can help a small business rival a large corporation in terms of professional standards. It can help organizations perform uniformly across geographical and cultural boundaries. ISO 14000 is truly the way of the 21st century. There are concrete profits to be earned from the ISO 14000 series. The system is relentless in searching for ways to reduce consumption per unit of output, and ways to reuse or recycle waste and by products. Certification brings access to new markets and strengthens a company’s competitive position. There are therefore classic business reasons for using the ISO 14000 system. Environmental Labeling and ISO 14000 Some manufacturers have used the absence of regulations to prepare labels with unsubstantiated ecological claims on labels (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Consumers who would like to support manufacturers of environmentally sound products are hampered by the proliferation of labels that make vague and even incorrect claims about environmental impacts. Environmental labeling under the ISO 14000 series, corrects this anomaly. This is an important reason for business houses to support ISO 14000. The world is on a move towards the regulation of labeling standards, and companies that do not follow ISO 14000 may soon find themselves excluded from key markets. Three levels of labeling standards are available for manufacturers who would like to use the ISO 14000 system for their products. Most consumers are accustomed to Type 1 Environmental Labels. The latter provide criteria against which each covered product is measured. Canada and Germany have adopted these standards. Type II labels will use uniform terms and definitions: standards and details will be available in due course. Type III labels seek to provide information along a set of pre-determined criteria. Such labels are already in use for some nutritional products. Environmental labeling predisposes companies to resort to Life Cycle Analysis. The number of products with environmentally sound labels has grown exponentially since the 1990s (Hanson, A. J. not dated). There were less than 25 such products in the United States in 1989. The number grew to 600 by 1990. It is now a business that exceeds $10 billion. The stage is set for economies in all countries to move over to products and services that can make valid claims about environmental management on their labels. The ISO 14000 deals with environmental management on the basis of the following main principles (Hanson, A. J. not dated): â€Å"Labeling should be accurate, verifiable, relevant and should be non-deceptive. †¢ The party that makes the label should make relevant information about the attributes available to purchasers †¢ Labeling should be based on comprehensive scientific methods that are reproducible †¢ Information on the process and methodologies should be available to all interested parties †¢ Labeling should incorporate where appropriate the life cycle of the product or service †¢ Administrative requirements should not make participation difficult †¢ Labels should not create unfair trade restrictions †¢ Labeling should not inhibit innovation that may improve environmental performance. †¢ Labeling criteria should be developed by consensus† Environment labeling programs are democratic in nature. Producers can decide to comply of their own volition. Any manufacturer can decide to use the system, regardless of nature, size and location. It therefore gives an opportunity for new industrial entities to seek competitive advantage against entrenched brands. The greater interests of consumers always have over-riding priority. There are four methods available for verification of claims made on environmental labels. These are: â€Å"Declaration of conformity: the manufacturer self-declares conformance †¢ Review of supporting documentation: the practitioner requires the applicant to provide documentary evidence of conformity †¢ Evaluation of conformity with manufacturing phase requirements: where the production phase is evaluated †¢ Product testing: samples of the product are tested (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Companies have to establish monitoring systems to ensure on-going compliance once their label claims have been verified. Environmental labeling is an important development in terms of improving environmental accountability of modern business. It is an integral part of the ISO 14000 process. It is also in the best interests of companies as it costs less than invasive regulation. Since awareness about environmental matters is growing, environmental labeling can improve market share. Products with comprehensive information about environmental impacts on their labels will perform better in highly competitive situations. There is the analogy of air emissions as a buying benefit in the case of automobiles. Clothing made from organic fiber, food free of harmful residues, cosmetics that do not use animal testing, durables that consumers can return to manufacturers for recycling and instructions on how to use dangerous products without causing harm, are all live examples of some of the most successful branding that has been achieved through environmental labeling. This portion of the ISO 14000 package is instrumental in building unbreakable bonds between brand owners and customers, and in improving customer satisfaction. It is therefore a pivotal strategy for profitable and sustainable business growth. ISO 14001 for International Corporations Since environmental standards and concern vary by country, international corporations face dilemmas with respect to environmental management systems. Most of these companies are headquartered and controlled in the first world, though their products, services and operations cover far corners of the globe. Such companies used to follow territory-specific environmental management systems in the past. This has some technical validity, as natural resources, climate and social habits can place such different demands on business. However, social activists have begun to question the ethics of double standards. International companies have become accountable for following uniform policies and standards wherever they may operate. This can be quite confusing as regulatory requirements are not uniform throughout the world. ISO 14001 offers a path out of these contradictions. Group Managements can influence policy statements and control systems, leaving affiliates and subsidiaries to identify aspects, programs and specifications. Audits and reviews provide a uniform basis for transnational comparisons. Certification is a strong defense against unsubstantiated attacks by social activists. Overall, ISO 14001 offers value to organizations that need to harmonize international and local components of environmental management systems. The portability of human resources is a key consideration for international companies. Assignments and transfers to new locations are established means of career development. New perspectives of individuals from exotic markets, often inject new dynamism in to stagnating business sectors. Periodic changes in fitment for key positions ensure transparency and integrity of linkages between companies and its independent suppliers and contractors. There are therefore a host of reasons for international companies to move personnel between countries, markets and sectors. However, continuity of important business processes becomes a concern, as new people occupy crucial positions at various points of the organization. The accumulated learning of an individual, as well as the rationale for pivotal decisions, has to be available for a new incumbent. The environmental aspects of management situations can be too important and irreversible in nature for companies to depend on word-of-mouth spread between colleagues about the reasons for how operations are conducted. Casual or experimental changes in processes based on theoretical concepts, or based on notions from irrelevant past experience, can be devastating in environmental terms. The ISO 14001 system plays a most helpful role in such matters. Versions of the manual built up over time serve as invaluable references in managing the evolution of all business processes. Records of management reviews lend authenticity to how things are done in each function and location. Since ISO 14001 is an on-going process, it also allows adequate scope for new incumbents in local organizations to express themselves fully, and to expound their ideas for business improvement. The ISO 14000 series is therefore an enabling network for large and inter-changeable teams of professionals to work in a seamless way. Environmental concerns are important for modern branding and new product development processes. Though branding and new product development should be globally uniform for the best returns on investment, environmental aspects can vary across countries, and even within segments of domestic markets. There can therefore be an inherent conflict between marketing and environmental concerns. The ISO 14001 system offers a way to resolve such conflicts. The policy statement serves to establish universal ground rules within which innovation can be encouraged. The choice of environmental aspects that are chosen for address in individual countries can be adapted to meet local requirements. ISO 14001 helps to define the boundaries between local and global environmental management concerns related to brands and new product development. Group managements of international corporations have to make choices between territories and industrial sectors for resource allocation, especially in terms of financial deployment. Since most projects have long gestation periods, and may involve very substantial commitments, managers at one central location can always have difficulties in making choices between alternatives at more than one remote location. Local environmental concerns tend to be in flux and there are often crucial differences between the regulatory conditions related to environmental management systems of various countries. Group managements may have to take important decisions in the face of incomplete and uncertain background information. Countries with less transparent and elaborate environmental regulations may either fall by the wayside in investment choices, or at the other extreme, attract funds for new projects without due consideration for the risks involved. ISO 14001 makes it possible to compare opportunities and threats across nations in a fair and even way. Records of progressive audits provide a firm and equal basis to take decisions on the future of operations in various territories. This is apart from serving as a common platform for the evaluation of business performance. Social activism tends to concentrate on large international corporations. Environmental degradation due to poverty, ignorance and by SMEs is often overlooked by non-governmental organizations. Such attacks can occupy limited management time and lead to intractable and unproductive negotiations. An ISO 14001 certification is an effective safeguard in such circumstances. It provides a harmonious platform for divergent views to be addressed, and a participatory format for conflict resolution. Records of management reviews can form crucial evidence in defense of executive action and environmental responsibility. The advantages of the ISO 14000 system for large international corporations are so obvious and pervasive, that one can conclude that all such organizations do have EMSs in place, though they may not always seek certification. It is difficult to conceive of a body conducting business in a sustained way across the globe without any systems for environmental management. The external audit and public scrutiny of the ISO 14000 series is what most management teams would want to avoid. It is possible to conclude that most if not all large international corporations follow ISO 14000 systems in some form, though they may not find it expedient to join the organization in a formal sense. ISO 14001 in Mergers and Acquisitions. Differences in environmental management systems can confound and delay mergers and acquisitions. Potential buyers may be put off by uncertainties about product liability. Due diligence can be affected by paucity of documentation, and by contradictory verbal feedback from employees and other stakeholders. The entire ISO 14000 series is a way out of such problems. ISO processes serve to assure all parties about the integrity of environmental impact assessments, while successive editions of the manual and audit reports put achievements and progress in valid and measured perspectives. Companies that follow ISO 14001 will find it relatively easy to continue business normally very soon after a merger or an acquisition. There could be major disruptions or unpleasant surprises if an inter-corporate transaction involves an unregistered entity. ISO 14001 also protects minority and dissenting interests in mergers and acquisitions. Stock market regulators are well advised to insist on ISO registration as a pre-condition to equity restructuring. The case of batteries illustrates how tangential product components can have significant impact on the core strategies of a business. Computers use batteries inevitably, but the technology of their production lies outside the domain of electronics and software. However, ecological concerns about the use of heavy metals such as lead, nickel and cadmium in batteries, and the relatively high rate of product obsolescence in computers, has forced companies in this field to acquire expertise in technologies such as that of lithium ions, and to find sources for commercial supplies of ecologically sound batteries. Computer companies have also to divert major resources to recycling programs that are integral to their products, but the matter of batteries illustrates the inter-related complications that can be part of doing business in the 21st century. This aspect gives Life Cycle Analysis great value, as it is a systematic way to cover all known environmental impacts that arise as a result of any enterprise. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) seeks to cover all sources of burdens on the environment that the production of a product may entail (Hanson, A.J. not dated). The system covers the consumption of all materials, use of energy in all forms, production processes, supply chains, logistics, waste disposal and recycling. LCA adopts an integrated approach to environmental management, and it works in four stages. Initiation, inventory analysis, impact analysis and interpretation are the four stages of LCA. Interpretation is also called improvement analysis. LCA is a vital part of the ISO 14000 system, and it has universal application for all fields of human endeavor. LCA has most utility when designing new products, but the technique can also be used to reduce the environmental burden of an existing product. Substitutes may compete on the basis of LCA facts, as is the case of disposable diapers versus washable ones. Such comparisons engage healthy debate and help to build indelible opinions about environmental conservation. LCA is integrative and holistic in its approach to environmental concerns. It is especially useful in uncovering hidden risks and costs that may associate in covert manner with some products and services. LCA proceeds in a step-wise manner, toting up the material and energy requirements of each component of a production process, and then presenting a total picture of the environmental impact of each product or service that is covered. LCA considers waste generations and impacts on air and water at each stage of procurement and production. It also considers distribution and actual use. The ISO 14001 process cannot be complete without full LCA. The Canadian Standards Association has stated LCA benefits in the follo.

The Midlife Crises in Death of a Salesman, Alfred J. Prufrock, and Amer

The Midlife Crises in Death of a Salesman, Alfred J. Prufrock, and American Beauty      Ã‚  Ã‚   Disillusioned and disenchanted, both Arthur Miller's Willy Loman and American Beauty's Lester Burnham share sexual frustrations and a dissatisfied longing for their respective pasts, but Willy, like T.S. Eliot's equivocating Prufrock, is unable to move beyond the failures inherent in his mediocrity and instead retreats into his delusions.    On the surface, Willy and Lester have all the elements of settled, prosaic lives shaped from the pattern of the "American Dream": large homes in middle- or upper-class neighborhoods, successful children, loving wives. But under this facade, both share a need that has devastated men and engendered distrust in their families for generations: the extra-marital affair.    Willy's affair with The Woman is a crucial turning point in his relationship with Biff, his oldest son. When Biff catches Willy and his mistress, Willy first attempts to distract his son and then be rid of him. However, his attempted cover-up fails and forever shatters the idolatrous relationship between father and son. Willy: She's nothing to me Biff. I was lonely, I was terribly lonely. Biff: You... you gave her Mama's stockings! Willy: I gave you an order!... Biff: You fake! You phony little fake! You fake! (Miller 1850)    Biff's discovery of his father's indiscretions shatter the Loman family's fragile facade of middle-class happiness. Although Willy is genuinely remorseful for his conduct, neither his repeated refrains of "stop crying, I gave you an order!" (1850) nor his apologies can mend the rift between him and Biff. Yet even as Biff loses his football scholarship and wanders, not unlike hi... ...the passive salesman and the aggressive quitter. Where Willy Loman quickly makes society's ideals his own and then falls victim to his own dissatisfaction, Lester achieves happiness because he rejects the standards that society sets for a middle-aged man.    Works Cited American Beauty. Dir. Sam Mendes. Writ. Alan Ball. With Kevin Spacey and Annette Bening. Dreamworks SKG, 1999. Eliot, T.S.. "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock." The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: Norton, 1996. 2459-2463. Miller, Arthur.   Death of a Salesman.   New York: Viking, 1965. Millar, Jeff. "The Rise and Fall of Everyman: `American Beauty' Proves Potent Family Portrayal." Houston Chronicle 24 Sept. 1999, Star ed.: 1. Academic Universe. LEXISNEXIS. Madden Lib., Fresno, CA. 13 Apr. 2000   <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/>.   

A very important life-lesson Essay

My friend David owned a motorcycle. It is not a big one, but it could reach a really dangerous speed. Just to remind those who like speeding, it is hazardous for you and other road users if you are speeding on the road. I learn this in a really painful lesson one night when I rode on the pillion on David’s motorcycle. We were on our way home one night after a movie in a cinema few kilometers away from my house, but the traffic on the road during our way back was badly congested. It was a benefit for us to ride on a motorcycle because we could pick our way through the cars and other motorcycles, but once we were on the main road, we cruised along freely. Maybe because the journey was too smooth while we were on the high way, I felt boring but David just don’t seem to feel in that way, so I decided to tease on him to make him speed up. He didn’t reply me in any words, but I could feel that the motorcycle starting to pick up speed. The cool breeze rushed through my face, the lamppost, the scenery and all the background passing by faster and faster makes me feel more and more excited! Just feeling curious, I placed my head over David’s shoulder and had a peep on the speedometer, and to my excite, the needle was shaking around 100km/h mark! This was the fastest experience that I ever had on a moving vehicle! I really felt excited riding on the pillion of David’s motorcycle!Suddenly, David stepped on the brakes and made a really hard left turn to get out from the highway and continue on our journey back. But during the turn, I heard a loud bang coming from the rear part of the motorcycle. David loose control of his bike and it drag both of us with it quite a distance away. The motorcycle was dragging me helplessly with my head scouring on the floor. It all happened in just a few seconds. I looked around desperately. Oh, my goodness! David was lying flat on his back and groaning softly. I managed to bring myself up and free David from the wrecked motorcycle. I had a glanced around to find out what just happened, but all I could see was a car with its right front light broken and its bumper dropped on the floor in a curved shape. David turned me around suddenly and had a good look on my left forehead, and then he said to me that I’m bleeding with a quite deep wound on my left forehead. I raised my left arm and try to wipe off the blood, and only then I found that my left arm was badly wounded and bleeding. I started felt very dizzy. All of a sudden, powerful lights blinded me. I heard voices talking anxiously and footsteps hurrying in our direction. Other road-users had arrived at the scene and they came to help us. The next half hour was daze, I vaguely remembered being carried into a van. I was too stunned to protest. I also heard that someone kept saying was all right, but before I could move my body, both of my leg suddenly paralyzed, I kneeled on my knees and blacked out. After I regain my consciousness, I’m sleeping on a bed with white pillowcase, white blanket and almost everything around me was white. It doesn’t take long for me to realize that I’m in a hospital bed. I looked around searching for David, but he is nowhere to be found. I starting to get worried but my parents came in and seem glad to see me awake. Surely the first thing came out from my mind was asking about David’s condition, and my mother replied that David’s condition was not as serious as mine, he just had some bruises and scratches around his body. I felt relieved. Eventually, we recovered from the painful accident in a month time. This incident made us aware of the speeding hazards and the terrible consequences that we have to bear for the mistake we have done. The price to pay was too much and too painful. I always thought that accidents only happen to other people, but it’s not true after this accident that I will never forget for the rest of my life. Remember that your life is very precious, and think of the people who cared for you.

Health Expenditure Poverty Essay

Condition where people’s basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter are not being met. According to World Bank: Poverty is pronounced deprivation in well-being, and comprises many dimensions. It includes low incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods and services necessary for survival with dignity. Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and education, poor access to clean water and sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of voice, and insufficient capacity and opportunity to better one’s life. According to United Nations: Fundamentally, poverty is a denial of choices and opportunities, a violation of human dignity. It means lack of basic capacity to participate effectively in society. It means not having enough to food and clothing a family, not having a school or clinic to go to, not having the land on which to grow one’s food or a job to earn one’s living, not having access to credit. It means insecurity, powerlessness and exclusion of individuals, households and communities. It means susceptibility to violence, and it often implies living in marginal or fragile environments, without access to clean water or sanitation. Type of Poverty: Poverty is generally of two types which are as follow. Absolute poverty Absolute poverty is synonymous with destitution and occurs when people cannot obtain adequate resources (measured in terms of calories or nutrition) to support a minimum level of physical health. Absolute poverty means about the same everywhere, and can be eradicated as demonstrated by some countries. Relative poverty Relative poverty occurs when people do not enjoy a certain minimum level of living standards as determined by a government (and enjoyed by the bulk of the population) that vary from country to country, sometimes within the same country. Relative poverty occurs everywhere, is said to be increasing, and may never be eradicated. Psychological Cause of poverty Poverty is regarded as a vicious circle. It is the product of different causes. Some of the thinkers have attributed it to a single cause but as poverty is a multi dimensional problem, multiple factors are responsible for it. According to hennery George, the main cause of poverty is the personal ownership and monopoly of individual on the land. He writes â€Å"in great cities where land is so valuable that it is measured by foot you will find extreme of poverty and of luxury.† Marx said the main causes of poverty are the exploitation laborers by the capitalists. Malthus said, poverty increases because of the fact that, while the food production increases in arithmetical progression, the population increase in geometric progression. These views lay emphasis on a singular cause of poverty but modern social scientists consider that poverty is the result of multiple factors. Personal factors: Personal factors play important role in economic status of a person. In this modern scientific era, one may not believe in the fate but no one can deny the importance of personal capacity and efforts in his life style and life pattern. The important personal factors cause poverty is as follows. i) Sickness: Due to sickness a person is unable to work or his income decreases. A major portion of his income is spent on the cure of the diseases. Sickness increases poverty. Hunter has rightly pointed out that â€Å"Poverty and sickness form a vicious partnership each helping the other to add to the miseries of most unfortunate of mankind.† ii) Mental disease: Mental disease and frustration also increase poverty. Owing to this, a man looses the balance of his mind by which he is incapable of doing anything. So his family becomes poor and it aggravates poverty. iii) Accident: Accident of any kind may make a person incapable of working, as a result of which he becomes a parasite on society or his income decreases. When income decreases poverty increases. iv) Idleness and extravagance: India is a rich country inhabited by poor. Idle and lazy persons do not work although they are able to work. Hence they remain poor. There are also extravagant persons who can waste any amount of money in no time. So the cause of poverty is not the lower income but excess of expenditure over income. Such persons also spent lavishly during festive occasions like marriage ceremony, many social religious festivals etc, and they always remain poor. v) Demoralizations: Due to lower morale some person are addicted to drinking, prostitution, gambling and other social evils. Such persons spent high proportion of their income on these evil habits and finally become pauper. Biological factors: Rapid growth of population is one of the most important causes of poetry. Malthus has pointed out that the geometric progress of population is the root cause of poverty. Due to the development of medical science, reduction of famine, control of epidemics and natural calamities death rate has decreased. At the same time birth rate has not been effectively controlled. If a man has too many children his standard of living is definitely lowered and he becomes relatively poor.† Besides, other factors like the power of fertility of Indian women, early age of marriage are also indirectly responsible for poverty. Global Distribution of Resources Many experts agree that the legacy of colonialism accounts for much of the unequal distribution of resources in the world economy. In many developing countries, the problems of poverty are massive and pervasive. In recent decades most of these countries have tried to develop their economies with industry and technology with varying levels of success. Some nations have become fairly wealthy, including the Republic of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, and Thailand. Many developing countries, however, lack essential raw materials and the knowledge and skills gained through formal education and training. They also often lack the infrastructure provided by, for example, transportation systems and power-generating facilities. Because these things are necessary for the development of industry, developing countries generally must rely on trade with developed countries for manufactured goods, but they cannot afford much. Some social scientists argue that wealthier developed countries continue to practice a form of colonialism, known as neocolonialism. The affluence of these countries is based to a large extent on favorable trade with the developing world. Developed countries have been able to get inexpensive natural resources from poorer countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, including oil for power, ores and minerals for manufacturing durable goods, and manufactured goods made by low-wage workers in factories operated by multinational corporations. This practice contributes to the dependency of poorer countries while not raising their standards of living. Economical factors: The most fundamental cause of poverty is economics. The important economical factors are as follows. i) Backwardness of agriculture: Indian Agriculture is carried on with primitive techniques. Due to the absence of modern machines, tools, implements, improved seeds, manures, inadequate irrigation facilities, constant fragmentation of land and exploitation by the landlords etc. Agricultural production hampers to a great extent. Besides these our agricultural system is not sufficient to provide adequate number of jobs or better price for agricultural products. This increase poverty among the rural farmers. ii) Slow and defective industrialization: In India industrialization is taking place at a snail’s pace, due to inadequate finance, paucity of skilled and technically trained personnel, irregular supply of power and raw materials etc. Therefore it is not possible in India to provide employment in large scale tot he persons who are willing to work. Further the concentration of industries in urban areas also deprives the rural poor from getting employment in industries. iii) Unequal distribution: Distribution of wealth is unequal in India. Wealth is mostly concentrated in the hands of a few. These people after an optimum of investment keep the wealth in iron chests. On the other hand, the people who would have invested it for productive purpose do not get it. This leaves a majority of population in this state of unemployment. iv) Unwise economic policy: Indian is rich in respect of natural resources, but poor in making proper utilization of it. Till now we are not able to make optimum utilization of resources as a result of which it remains unutilized or misused. Sometimes due to defective policy of the government people remain poor. Psychological effects of poverty Psychological research has demonstrated that living in poverty has a wide range of negative effects on the physical and mental health and wellbeing of our nation’s children. Poverty impacts children within their various contexts at home, in school, and in their neighborhoods and communities. Poverty is linked with negative conditions such as substandard housing, homelessness, inadequate nutrition and food insecurity, inadequate child care, lack of access to health care, unsafe neighborhoods, and under resourced schools which adversely impact our nation’s children. Poorer children and teens are also at greater risk for several negative outcomes such as poor academic achievement, school dropout, abuse and neglect, behavioral and socio emotional problems, physical health problems, and developmental delays. These effects are compounded by the barriers children and their families encounter when trying to access physical and mental health care. Economists estimate that child poverty costs an estimated $500 billion a year to the U.S. economy; reduces productivity and economic output by 1.3 percent of GDP; raises crime and increases health expenditure Poverty and academic achievement Poverty has a particularly adverse effect on the academic outcomes of children, especially during early childhood. Chronic stress associated with living in poverty has been shown to adversely affect children’s concentration and memory which may impact their ability to learn. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that in 2008, the dropout rate of students living in low-income families was about four and one-half times greater than the rate of children from higher-income families (8.7 percent versus 2.0 percent). The academic achievement gap for poorer youth is particularly pronounced for low-income African American and Hispanic children compared with their more affluent White peers. Poverty and psychosocial outcomes Children living in poverty are at greater risk of behavioral and emotional problems. Some behavioral problems may include impulsiveness, difficulty getting along with peers, aggression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder. ïÆ'ËœSome emotional problems may include feelings of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Poverty and economic hardship is particularly difficult for parents who may experience chronic stress, depression, marital distress and exhibit harsher parenting behaviors. These are all linked to poor social and emotional outcomes for children. Unsafe neighborhoods may expose low-income children to violence which can cause a number of psychosocial difficulties. Violence exposure can also predict future violent behavior in youth which places them at greater risk of injury and mortality and entry into the juvenile justice system. Underresourced schools in poorer communities struggle to meet the learning needs of their students and aid them in fulfilling their potential. Inadequate education contributes to the cycle of poverty by making it more difficult for low-income children to lift themselves and future generations out of poverty. Violence According to experts, many women become victims of trafficking, the most common form of which is prostitution, as a means of survival and economic desperation. Deterioration of living conditions can often compel children to abandon school in order to contribute to the family income, putting them at risk of being exploited, according to ECPAT International, an NGO designed to end the commercial sexual exploitation of children. For example, in Zimbabwe, a number of girls are turning to prostitution for food to survive because of the increasing poverty. In one survey, 67% of children from disadvantaged inner cities said they had witnessed a serious assault, and 33% reported witnessing a homicide. 51% of fifth graders from New Orleans (median income for a household have been found to be victims of violence, compared to 32% in Washington, DC (mean income for a household

Impression Management (Dramaturgy) Essay Example

Impression Management (Dramaturgy) Essay Example Impression Management (Dramaturgy) Essay Impression Management (Dramaturgy) Essay Impression Management in Action Dramaturgy is a sociological perspective starting from symbolic interactionism, and commonly used in micro sociological accounts of social interaction in everyday life. In dramaturgical sociology it is argued that human actions are dependent upon time, place, and audience. In other words, to Erving Goffman, the pioneer of dramaturgal analysis, the self is a sense of who one is, a dramatic effect emerging from the immediate scene being presented. Goffman forms a theatrical metaphor in defining the method in which one human being presents itself to another based on cultural values, norms, and expectations. In this experiment, impression management awareness is what I’m striving for. By observing my own behavior in two different social situations and doing a comparative analysis, I will try to establish the importance of varied personalities. For my first social setting, I chose the amorous excursion with the girlfriend, Ana. It was a Sunday morning, one of those cool brisk autumn mornings. We began our day with the usual activity, food. Avidly, we made our to the nearest IHOP and indulged in a massive barrage of pancakes. While devouring our pancakes, I observed the character traits I exhibit while I’m with her. To begin, I noticed that flirting comes naturally, almost subconsciously, in our conversations. The occasional â€Å"How do you manage to stay so pretty? † or â€Å"Your beautiful just the way you are† is a particular happening that I notice the most. Also the antics we pull were together. Playful fighting, teasing each other, or basically trying to make each other laugh is something we both enact. I find myself playing the role of boyfriend and her of girlfriend; in the sense of the way we act. Our amative nature and affectionate body language, holding hands or caressing, is existent only when I’m with my girlfriend. For my second social setting, I chose the most homely, hearty and comfortable place imaginable, â€Å"La casa†. Being at home is truly, I believe, when you show your â€Å"true self† . Growing up with your siblings, cousins, or parents allows for the establishment of trust and security. Although not always the case, as dysfunctional families do exist, ideally we are raised and comforted in a household where being yourself instinctively arises. As for me, being raised by conservative Christian parents, I find myself acting more autonomously. Unrestrained, in a way I converse with my siblings or cousins. I would say things that I would never imagine saying to anybody else; a whole lot of profanity. Completely disregarding impressions, I find myself acting like the stereotypical man. Belching, belching from the other end and practicing unhygienic activities; one would say I‘m a typical guy. As for the conversations, its more of apathetic, jokingly, or blunt; depending on whom I’m taking to, parents or siblings. In all, there are substantial differences in our personalities in different social settings. When I’m with my girlfriend, I establish the role of boyfriend and act a certain way. Flirting, playful antics, and compassionate contact is something that would be considered taboo or deviance with anybody else. With the family, depending on whom I’m conversing with, apathy, bluntness, and crude humor is something that wouldn’t be appreciated on someone who does not know you that way. The paradox of what is your â€Å"true self† is something we ask ourselves daily, but in my opinion there is no true self, only the ability to adapt to social situations and maintain a consistent character traits.

Free Essays on The Value Of A Place

The Value Of A Place â€Å"When we first arrived in West Yellowstone, it was awesome to look at the plains spread out at the foot of the tall mountains. The forests were sparse, but all together it made a breathtaking landscape. I keep imagining what this place looked like as Lewis and Clark made their way through on the Corps of Discovery. The waterfalls, the grasslands, the forests, and among them the elk, bison, wolves and coyotes all roaming in abundance. Once again, breathtaking.† – Journal entry, April 26, 2003 â€Å"Each season, I picked up the feel and taste of cycles. My blood began to learn new rhythms. My body became increasingly fluent in the language of cycles: splitting wood on cold mornings, cleaning a grouse in the evening – the solace, and ceremony, of plucking the feathers. Noticing where elk foraged in summer and where they foraged in winter. Noticing where the bears fed and what they ate. Watching the pulse of different creeks and the Yaak river itself – skinny in autumn, icy but poisoned in winter – wild, joyful, and enormous in spring, then steady and clear on into summer, with caddis flies and mayflies rising from it every evening, and the giant spruce and fir trees shadowing it, keeping it cool and alive . . .† – â€Å"The Book Of Yaak† by Rick Bass. The first entry was from my journal as we drove into West Yellowstone park and made our way through up to Gardiner, Montana. The last time I had been here was many years ago with my family. I was little and don’t remember anything really. We didn’t even stop, we just drove through because this wasn’t our final destination. But re-visiting it now, and after reading â€Å"The Book Of Yaak†, I began to see a new appreciation between the great and small, the living and non-living, the value of a place. During our visit, we had a rare opportunity to see ten wolves feeding on the carcass of a bison which had been pulled from the nearby frozen lak... Free Essays on The Value Of A Place Free Essays on The Value Of A Place The Value Of A Place â€Å"When we first arrived in West Yellowstone, it was awesome to look at the plains spread out at the foot of the tall mountains. The forests were sparse, but all together it made a breathtaking landscape. I keep imagining what this place looked like as Lewis and Clark made their way through on the Corps of Discovery. The waterfalls, the grasslands, the forests, and among them the elk, bison, wolves and coyotes all roaming in abundance. Once again, breathtaking.† – Journal entry, April 26, 2003 â€Å"Each season, I picked up the feel and taste of cycles. My blood began to learn new rhythms. My body became increasingly fluent in the language of cycles: splitting wood on cold mornings, cleaning a grouse in the evening – the solace, and ceremony, of plucking the feathers. Noticing where elk foraged in summer and where they foraged in winter. Noticing where the bears fed and what they ate. Watching the pulse of different creeks and the Yaak river itself – skinny in autumn, icy but poisoned in winter – wild, joyful, and enormous in spring, then steady and clear on into summer, with caddis flies and mayflies rising from it every evening, and the giant spruce and fir trees shadowing it, keeping it cool and alive . . .† – â€Å"The Book Of Yaak† by Rick Bass. The first entry was from my journal as we drove into West Yellowstone park and made our way through up to Gardiner, Montana. The last time I had been here was many years ago with my family. I was little and don’t remember anything really. We didn’t even stop, we just drove through because this wasn’t our final destination. But re-visiting it now, and after reading â€Å"The Book Of Yaak†, I began to see a new appreciation between the great and small, the living and non-living, the value of a place. During our visit, we had a rare opportunity to see ten wolves feeding on the carcass of a bison which had been pulled from the nearby frozen lak...

Definition and Examples of Gibberish

Definition and Examples of Gibberish Gibberish is unintelligible, nonsensical, or meaningless language. Similarly, gibberish may refer to speech or writing thats needlessly obscure or pretentious. In this sense, the term is similar to gobbledygook. Gibberish is often used in a playful or creative way- as when a parent speaks to an infant or when a child experiments with combinations of vocal sounds that have no meaning. The word itself is sometimes used as a term of disdain for a foreign or unknown language or for the speech of a particular individual (as in Hes talking gibberish).   Grammalot is a particular type of gibberish that was originally used by medieval jesters and troubadours. According to  Marco Frascari, Grammalot consists of a few real words, interspersed with nonsense syllables mimicking the sound  utterances to convince the audience  that it is a real known language.   Examples Gliddy glup gloopyNibby nabby noopyLa la la lo lo.Sabba sibby sabbaNooby abba nabbaLee lee lo lo.Tooby ooby wallaNooby abba nabbaEarly morning singing song. (Chorus to Good Morning Starshine, by  Galt MacDermot,  James Rado, and  Gerome Ragni. Hair, 1967)Thrippsy pillivinx,Inky tinky pobblebockle abblesquabs? - Flosky! beebul trimble flosky! - Okul scratchabibblebongibo, viddle squibble tog-a-tog, ferrymoyassity amsky flamsky ramsky damsky crocklefether squiggs.Flinkywisty pommSlushypipp  (Edward Lear, letter to  Evelyn Baring, 1862)God what a husband Id make! Yes, I should get married!So much to do! like sneaking into Mr Jones house late at nightand cover his golf clubs with 1920 Norwegian books . . .And when the milkman comes leave him a note in the bottlePenguin dust, bring me penguin dust, I want penguin dust. (Gregory Corso, Marriage, 1958)Lt. Abbie Mills: Chopping down a Christmas tree?Ichabod Crane: Altogether a nonsensical concept. Celebrating Yuletide with a titu lar display of lumber.Lt. Abbie Mills: Wow. Bah-humbug to you too, Ebenezer.Ichabod Crane: That was all gibberish.Lt. Abbie Mills: Scrooge. A Dickensian character. A grump. (The Golem, Sleepy Hollow, 2013) Still through the hawthorn blows the cold wind:Says suum, mun, ha, no, nonny.Dolphin my boy, my boy, sessa! let him trot by. (Edgar in William Shakespeares  King Lear, Act 3, Scene 4)I encourage teachers to speak in their own voices. Dont use the gibberish of the standards writers. (Jonathan Kozol in an interview with  Anna Mundow, The Advocate of Teaching Over Testing. The Boston Globe, October 21, 2007)   Etymology of Gibberish - The exact origin of  the word gibberish  is unknown, but one explanation traces its beginnings to an eleventh-century Arab named Geber, who practiced a form of magical chemistry called alchemy. To avoid getting into trouble with church officials, he invented strange terms that prevented others from understanding what he was doing. His mysterious language (Geberish) may have given rise to the word gibberish. (Laraine Flemming, Words Count, 2nd ed. Cengage, 2015) - Etymologists have been scratching their heads over [the origin of the word gibberish] almost since it first appeared in the language in the middle 1500s. There’s a set of words- gibber, jibber, jabber, gobble and gab (as in gift of the gab)- that may be related attempts at imitating incomprehensible utterances. But how they arrived and in what order is unknown. (Michael Quinion, World Wide Words, October 3, 2015) Charlie Chaplins Gibberish in The Great Dictator   - [Charlie] Chaplins performance as Hynkel [in the film The Great Dictator] is a tour de force, one of his greatest performances of all, and certainly his greatest performance in a sound film.* He is able to get around the arbitrary and limited meaning which dialogue implies by screeching his vaudevillian German doubletalk of utter gibberishthe result is sound without defined meaning...the finest weapon by which to satirize the disturbing and disturbed speeches of Hitler as seen in the newsreels. (Kyp Harness,  The Art of Charlie Chaplin. McFarland, 2008)- Gibberish captures that foundational static out of which wording arises...[I]t is my view that gibberish is an education onto the relation of sound to speech, sense to nonsense; it reminds us of the primary phonetic noise by which we learn to articulate, and from which we might draw from again, in acts of parody, poetry, romance, or storytelling, as well as through the simple pleasures of a disordered semantic.Here Id like to bring into consideration Charlie Chaplins use of gibberish in the film The Great Dictator. Produced in 1940 as a critical parody of Hitler, and the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany, Chaplin uses the voice as a primary vehicle for staging the brutal absurdity of the dictators ideological views. This appears immediately in the opening scene, where the first lines spoken by the dictator (as well as by Chaplin, as this was his first talking film) wields an unforgettable force of effusive gibberish: Democrazie schtunk! Liberty schtunk! Freisprechen schtunk! Chaplins nonsensical enactments throughout the film highlight language as a material susceptible to mutation, appropriation, and poetical transfiguration that no less delivers potent meaning. Such oral moves on the part of Chaplin reveal to what degree gibberish may perform to supply the thrust of speech with the power of critique. (Brandon LaBelle,  Lexicon of the Mouth: Poetics and Politics of Voice and the Oral Imaginary. Bloomsbury, 2014) Frank McCourt on Gibberish and Grammar If you said to someone, John store to the went, theyd think it was gibberish.Whats gibberish?Language that makes no sense.I had a sudden idea, a flash. Psychology is the study of the way people behave. Grammar is the study of the way language behaves...I pushed it. If someone acts crazy, the psychologist studies them to find out whats wrong. If someone talks in a funny way and you cant understand them, then youre thinking about grammar. Like,  John store to the went...No stopping me now. I said,  Store the to went John. Does that make sense? Of course not. So you see, you have to have words in their proper order. Proper order means meaning and if you dont have meaning youre babbling and the men in the white coats come and take you away. They stick you in the gibberish department of Bellevue. Thats grammar. (Frank McCourt,  Teacher Man: A Memoir. Scribners, 2005) The Lighter Side of Gibberish Homer Simpson: Listen to the man, Marge. He pays Barts salary. Marge Simpson: No, he doesnt. Homer Simpson: Why dont you ever support my gibberish? Id do it if you were stupid.(How Munched Is That Birdie in the Window? The Simpsons, 2010)

Legal Advise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Legal Advise - Essay Example MSO  §113(1) hereinafter â€Å"HFCRA†). The question is whether this provision applies here. If it does, then the provision would be regarded as ineffective, therefore void. The analysis of this would begin by analyzing the parties. The parties to the construction contract are Strummer Construction Ltd. and Clampdown Developments, Inc. Celtic Tiger Bank is financing the project, but is not a party to the contract, therefore would be considered to be a third person. Yet, Celtic Tiger Bank is essentially running the show, as their officers would be the individuals who must approve extensions, variations more than ?25,000, loss and expense determinations. If their officers do not approve this, then the party requesting any of the above would not get paid, and the extension of time would not be approved. Therefore, this clause may be invoked, as the CTB is the contract administrator, and is not a third party, and they dictate as to whether or not money will change hands. Moreove r, they are not insolvent, so this clause may hold water. CTB is a third person, yet they are creating the conditions by which both parties must abide. But is this amendment â€Å"A provision making payment under a construction contract conditional on the payer receiving payment from a third person?† Clampdown Developments is the party who is in charge of making payments to Strummer. If Strummer does not comply, then the payments would not be made from CTB to Clampdown Developments, and this, in turn, would cause Clampdown Developments to not make payments to Strummer. The architect was the one who was issuing the offending variations, and, as a result, CTB has refused to pay monies to Clampdown, and, in turn, Clampdown has not paid Strummer. So, it seems that the payment from Clampdown to Strummer is, in fact, conditional upon Clampdown receiving payment from CTB, who is a third person, and that these payments are conditional upon CTB approving them. Therefore, there is the possibility, if a court can interpret this clause in such a way, that the clause would be ineffective. Another issue is whether or not there was even a contract formed anymore, because this Bill of Quantities in effect substantially changed the contract that the parties had already formed. This would be considered to be a counteroffer, which effectively cancels the original offer (Hyde v. Wrench [1840] EWHC Ch J90). However, this situation is similar to that in the landmark case Butler Machine Tool Co. Ltd. v. Ex-Cell-O Corp. Ltd. [1977] EWCA Civ. 9. This is the case that established that, in a battle of forms, the form that was accepted last would the one that controls. Certainly the parties accepted the additional terms, as they performed without objection to the terms. Therefore, Butler controls, and the last form, which is the one that contained the amendment, is the one that formed the contract. So, the amendment would be a part of the contract, if there were not the issue of t he privity of contract and

Titus Andronicus Questions, Civility vs Barbarity Assignment

Titus Andronicus Questions, Civility vs Barbarity - Assignment Example en intervenes in an argument between Saturninus and Bassianus which he saw would lead to violence saying that that was not the way the Romans should behave. Titus also murders Tamora’s son despite her pleadings and this is a show of barbarism. He also shows civility by pleading with Titus to allow Mutius be buried within the family grave . This all happens before Tamora is married by Titus to become the queen. Tamora has all along planned to have her revenge on Titus. In the forest, Aaron and Tamora discuss of the revenge they were plotting of killing Bassianus and raping his bride Lavinia who was Titus most treasured daughter. After this act, lavinia is mutilated in the arms and tongue so that she cannot report the people who had raped her. When Titus finds his daughter in this state, he murders her because she had been raped which is quite uncivilized. This happens during the feast. This act is again followed by a series of other murders where Titus kills Tamora and is killed by Saturninus. Lucia then kills Saturninus to avenge the death of his father. At this point Lucia becomes the emperor asking for Saturninus to be given a state burial, Tamora body is thrown to be fed by the Beast and Aeron is buried alive. All these events are a revelation of the barbarism that exists in Rome despite their claim of being a civil

Indoctrination of children to child soldiers Essay

Indoctrination of children to child soldiers - Essay Example The use of children as soldiers has become a global problem today that requires urgent solution. Post notes that the use of children as militia has rapidly increased since the end of the cold war in 1990sThe increase is mainly attributed to the intra-state conflicts witnessed in various countries around the world particularly in developing countries.Estimates show that more than 300,000 children used as soldiers in 36 conflicts across the globe (Singer 6). At the same time, reports indicate that National Military and rebels groups are both recruiting children as soldiers in armed conflicts. The most recent involvement of children in armed conflict has been witnessed in countries such as Afghanistan, Burundi, Uganda, Congo DRC, Angola, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Colombia, Rwanda, Somalia, Guinea-Bissau, Sudan and Sierra Leon just to name but a few (O'Neill par.2). Findings indicate that some of the children participating in these armed conflicts were forced to participate while others volunt arily joined the fray as an escape means from social problems such as poverty and abuse, or as revenge against their families. However, the daunting statistics show that most of these children become victims of the war itself. This paper seeks to explore how children are indoctrinated to become child soldiers. The use of children as soldiers in armed conflicts has rapidly increased over the last ten years. Most of these children have been subjected to all sorts of dehumanizing atrocities. Tiefenbrun notes that these children are often abducted from their homes by armed militias, tortured and indoctrinated with intimidation and coaxed to take mind-altering drugs, threaten with dire consequences such as death or dismemberment (423). Others are forced to return to their villages to witness or participate in the killing of their friends and family members who fail to comply with the commander’s directives. The abducted children are also forced to watch how children who attempt es cape or disobey commander’s directives are punished. Tiefenbrun claims that child soldiers are normally brainwashed meticulously and brutally until their morals and ethics becomes completely distorted to the extent that they are made to believe that doing evil is luxurious (423). For Example, a twenty-year old Colombian who happened to have been indoctrinated to become a soldier stated that, once a child is introduced into the paramilitary, his or her first duty is to kill. According to the child, commanders tell the children being recruited that they are to engage in killing (Chancellor Par.8). As a result, they are trained how to kill. This implies being given someone to kill by either chopping off hands or head or jabbing with a knife. This directive must be followed even if it means killing a friend or a family member. Tiefenbrun noted that brainwashing is normally accompanied by desensitization of children to the sight and commission of murder and other forms of atrociti es (424). Children who dare escape are boiled a live according to a report. The boiled body of the murdered child soldier is used as a meal for the other child soldiers, who are forced to eat the human flesh as part of their training, according to Tiefenbrun (424). Child soldiers who have managed to escape reveals that they were being forced to beat dead bodies of a captured escapee. Additionally, they are forced to smear themselves with the blood of the murdered escapee. According to Beah, rebels ensure that child soldiers remain obedient through frequent beatings, death threats, and threats against retaliation against the family members of the children on training as child soldiers (22). Despite boys being the main targets of rebels for recruitment as a child soldier, girl child are also victims. Tiefenbrun observed that 40% of child soldiers worldwide are girls who are abducted and indoctrinated to child soldiers (424). Report indicates that young girls make up a third of child

Lotus Rental Cars Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lotus Rental Cars - Research Paper Example However, electric cars are more expensive than fossil fuel and hybrid cars due to the technological peculiarities. Therefore, buying electrical vehicles for business is a risky enterprise. Even though hybrid and electrical cars are more expensive than gas engine vehicles and company might lose profit, adding hybrid/electric cars to the company’s fleet will be a good investment for the enterprise which gives cars for rent. Accurate assessing of the situation and finding the right niche may give benefits to such a company as Lotus Rental Car CFO if the company decides to use electrical cars along with conventional. First of all, the benefit is connected to a reduced amount of costs spent on fuel. Among the clients of rental car offices people on business trips are the most frequent followed by tourists. Most employers that send their employees to business trip will rather pay extra dollar to rent a fuel efficient car like a hybrid than reimburse their employees for gas. Savings for the money on electricity are much more persuasive compared to fuel savings. It was estimated that driving about 15 thousand miles will cost for about $500 annually taking into account existing prices for electricity in the USA. The same distance will require $1900 for a gas engine. So it is possible to cover high prices for the electric car with money raised by fuel economy. And this argument will be important for those who take car for a rent. Electric /hybrid cars are perfect for rent because the driver can calculate his/her distance in advance and charge it at the company`s office and in several other places(Electric Vehicles, 2013). Maximum time that allows driving without extra recharge is about 8 hours now, and most people who rent cars especially for business trips plan to cover the distances which are not so great. However, it is important to understand that electric cars differ

Marketing Take-home Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Take-home Exam - Essay Example Information To conduct accurate and relevant marketing research, marketing intelligence plays a very crucial role by providing the necessary information. However, McDonald must determine what information it needs. There are two major questions relating to the sources of information i.e. (1) What are the internal information sources? and (2) what are the external information sources? External sources of information must include necessary data relating to the key competitors and target consumers. McDonald’s must access the relevant published sources to analysis the key strengths, weaknesses and market share of the competitors. This external information must indicate the recent developments taken place in the market and among the competitors. Consumers’ changing behavior also needs to be identified using the external information. On the other hand, internal sources of information are also very crucial. However, obtaining such information is an easy task for McDonaldâ€℠¢s as it needs coordination with cross-functional departments. Hence, McDonald’s must carry out data-base analysis to understand the up-sale and cross-sale opportunities and to identify the potential consumers. Communication Primary difference between market intelligence and marketing research is the basic communicational process. In market intelligence, there is better communication between the decision makers and market intelligence analysts. On the other hand, communication is necessary for gathering and disseminating external and internal information. However, in market intelligence, the two most important questions relating to communication are ‘how to develop better communication for gathering information?’ and ‘how to develop communication for decision making?’ For gathering external and internal information, better communication is necessary. McDonald’s must implement IT systems like RFID and SAP for developing interference-free data g athering. It helps to build a flawless and continuous communication system (Koster and Munoz, 2009, p.358). For better decision making process, using the market intelligence process ‘two-way communication’ is an effective method. To develop two-way communication, McDonald’s must focus on better cross-functional communication and superior interaction level with the employees and management. Integrated marketing communication (IMC) is the most suitable approach as IMC helps to build an effective internal and external communications. People and Processes Managing the people and processes are challenging tasks for producing accurate and relevant outcome from market intelligence process. The first criterion in marketing research is to identify and develop research question. Once this task is over, McDonald must synchronize and manage the entire process. Two primary questions in this area are â€Å"how to involve relevant people in marketing intelligence process? and ‘how to develop effective and accurate process?’ McDonald’s must identify key employees to involve them in market intelligence process. Motivation and transparency are the two vital factors in this process. McDonald

Community Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community Service - Essay Example Though there is a school of thought which argues that putting so much burden on the young minds may prove to be little too much. Their contention is, the young minds be allowed to study and enjoy their teens instead of a day's physical labor. But, it must be emphasized here that, the young minds happen to be quite receptive towards the issues, if these are explained to them in right perspective, as these young one's are free from bias and prejudice. If at this age, they are allowed to get a feel of the society and how their small contributions can bring happiness on the faces of many people; these teenagers are bound to integrate these learning experiences in their life ahead. There are critics of such a proposal who contend that it is important to hold one's own lives as his/ her highest value. They contention is that being needy doesn't confer on some people a moral claim to free labor from others. Such critics could be terms as correct in their argument if we look the individual lives as individual identities. Unfortunately this is not the case, for survival, we are all very much dependent on each other, the surrounding, the environment and the society at large.

Marketing Take-home Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Take-home Exam - Essay Example Information To conduct accurate and relevant marketing research, marketing intelligence plays a very crucial role by providing the necessary information. However, McDonald must determine what information it needs. There are two major questions relating to the sources of information i.e. (1) What are the internal information sources? and (2) what are the external information sources? External sources of information must include necessary data relating to the key competitors and target consumers. McDonald’s must access the relevant published sources to analysis the key strengths, weaknesses and market share of the competitors. This external information must indicate the recent developments taken place in the market and among the competitors. Consumers’ changing behavior also needs to be identified using the external information. On the other hand, internal sources of information are also very crucial. However, obtaining such information is an easy task for McDonaldâ€℠¢s as it needs coordination with cross-functional departments. Hence, McDonald’s must carry out data-base analysis to understand the up-sale and cross-sale opportunities and to identify the potential consumers. Communication Primary difference between market intelligence and marketing research is the basic communicational process. In market intelligence, there is better communication between the decision makers and market intelligence analysts. On the other hand, communication is necessary for gathering and disseminating external and internal information. However, in market intelligence, the two most important questions relating to communication are ‘how to develop better communication for gathering information?’ and ‘how to develop communication for decision making?’ For gathering external and internal information, better communication is necessary. McDonald’s must implement IT systems like RFID and SAP for developing interference-free data g athering. It helps to build a flawless and continuous communication system (Koster and Munoz, 2009, p.358). For better decision making process, using the market intelligence process ‘two-way communication’ is an effective method. To develop two-way communication, McDonald’s must focus on better cross-functional communication and superior interaction level with the employees and management. Integrated marketing communication (IMC) is the most suitable approach as IMC helps to build an effective internal and external communications. People and Processes Managing the people and processes are challenging tasks for producing accurate and relevant outcome from market intelligence process. The first criterion in marketing research is to identify and develop research question. Once this task is over, McDonald must synchronize and manage the entire process. Two primary questions in this area are â€Å"how to involve relevant people in marketing intelligence process? and ‘how to develop effective and accurate process?’ McDonald’s must identify key employees to involve them in market intelligence process. Motivation and transparency are the two vital factors in this process. McDonald

Even though getting news from Facebook is quick and easy, newspapers Research Paper

Even though getting news from Facebook is quick and easy, newspapers are more accurate - Research Paper Example Sensationalism in newsprint and on television is often blamed for the actions of, not only individuals, but entire nations and governments.† (joseph p.33) The most invaluable indicator used to evaluate the quality of news information is imbibed in its aptitude to actuate and appreciate the genuine motives bolstering events, occurrences and news items. With the current information backlog, dispensing of quality information involves understanding rather than exposing, giving explanations rather than mere reporting about facts, of which are already in the public domain through social media. It is with this that newspaper articles reign supreme in not only relaying accurate information but which is well researched. They therefore come in as a necessity in modern life. Reading newspapers comes with a myriad of advantages over utilizing Facebook and social media. Firstly newspapers ensure that we are up to speed with the current world affairs. They provide news which extends from our door step to the village, town, country and the globe with unchallenged professionalism. It stretches our knowledge base beyond the limit guaranteeing a feeling of owning the world. Through liaising with various news agencies newspapers remain in touch with different parts of the world. On the other hand information on Facebook in basically based on the administrators discretion. The administrator of a certain group chooses steamy topics to boost the group’s following based on their desires which pre-disposes those who rely on such information to erroneous info. â€Å"Why has elegance found so little following? That is the reality of it. Elegance has the disadvantage, if thats what it is, that hard work is needed to achieve it and a good education to appreciate it†Ã‚  (Hargitai p.4) A lot of information is passed across through newspapers. This extends to courtroom decisions. News on commerce is published for capitalist, Cinema, Radio and television lovers can look up in them for the

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay Example for Free

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay Charles Dickens wrote this novel because he was keenly touched by the lot of poor children in the middle decades of the 19th century. This is the reason which motivated Dickens in doing this, before writing this novel. Before he decided to this he thought of publishing leaflets instead. On the other hand some critics have suggested that Scrooge’s redemption underscores what they see as the conservative individualistic and patriarchal of Dickens Carol Philosophy. Dickens own experiences influenced him a lot in why he wrote this novel and how he cares so much for the children, who were forced to hard labour in the workhouses from such young age as 12. Before the â€Å"New Poor Law† was introduced in 1834, a high percentage of young children were forced t work to make sure that them and their families did not die of starvation. There was a well known prison called the â€Å"The Marshelsea†, it became know in the 19th century around the world through the writing of the English novelist Charles Dickens. His father which was there in 1824 for a debt of ? 40 and 10 shillings however Dickens most traumatic experience was when he was forced to leave school at the young age of 12 to work in a factory instead. Dickens already had ideas of how to use these types of experiences in a novel. Some of the social conditions such as the new poor law have been shown in the â€Å"Christmas Carol† in this particular quote: â€Å"The Treadmill and the the poor law in full vigour then? † â€Å"Both very busy sir†` This quote proves to us that Dickens used his novel to express the social conditions through it. Dickens used Scrooge as the main character to show that wealthy people always have a responsibility to help those less fortunate. He clearly shows this view at the end of the novel where he gives a young boy money to buy a turkey for the Crachit family. The family isn’t the richest but has a really warm heart. Crachit tries showing Scrooge that life is not all about money and also that he should try to move on and forget about Bella. Scrooge had a really bad experience when Bella marries someone else because she told him that he cares about money more than her. Scrooge somehow had to overcome this tragic event in his life and since then he has not been able to celebrate a successful eve without thinking of her for even a moment. In much earlier in the novel 3 old men come up to Scrooge asking for money to donate to people for Christmas, however Scrooge is a cold hearted person so instead of donating a few shillings he says â€Å"Bah Humbug. † The main character of â€Å"A Christmas Carol† is Ebenezer Scrooge. He is an elderly man who lives in London, his sister died leaving a son whose name is Fred. In addition to this Ebenezer has no family. He is a very rich banker. Scrooges clerk Bob Crachit is a middle–aged man who has six children. Ebenezer is thin and has a slight hunchback, coal grey hair and a wrinkled old face, on which he has reddish eyes, a long pointed nose and thin blue lips as cold as ice. Like his employee Bob is very well dressed. Let’s take a look at Scrooge first, before he got visited by the spirits he was a very stingy person and only cared about his own interests. He couldn’t manage to share his money and was not sensitive to the suffering of others. Ebenezer was even harsh to his employee who never cheated, is reliable, hardworking and had to endure the bad behaviour on him. Bob is satisfied with not owning anything and having no money at all. Bob is satisfied with not owning anything and having no money at all, however the only things that matter for him and make him happy are the small but the most important things in life which is his family. After Scrooge got visited by the ghosts he changed positively and you could even say that was similar to Crachit. Just like he likes Christmas, is a good and open to others, joyous and happy. He even started to share money with the poor and expressed his feelings by helping others. In my opinion Scrooge turned into a better character and I admire his sudden transformation into a better human being. Bob Crachit’s characteristics are that he is poor, has a big family, young and takes care of his close ones, joyful and nice. The crachit family live in a small cosy home but they don’t have enough money to decorate it with luxuries because the most important thing for them is too have enough money for coal/fire so that they would be warm, however most importantly all they want to happen is for Tiny Tim to be a healthy again. The miraculous transformation that Scrooge has made makes us aware that good change is never too late. Also that money cannot buy happiness you just have to share it with other people to make something good of it.

The Nature of Man, the Renaissance, and the Protestant Reformation Essa

Europe was a tumultuous region in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. In particular, the Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation both introduced radical intellectual and religious ideas that challenged centuries of established doctrine. This period corresponded with a great surge in philosophical, political, and religious writing. Among the most influential thinkers of the time were the Italian humanist Leon Battista Alberti, the Florentine politician Niccolà ² Machiavelli, and the German monk Martin Luther. Alberti wrote in a time of humanist thought and economic prosperity, Machiavelli in a time of growing political instability and economic uncertainty in Italy, and Luther in a time dominated by an increasingly corrupt Catholic church. While Alberti’s good fortune is reflected in On the Family’s optimism, Machiavelli’s The Prince and Luther’s On Christian Liberty are direct reactions to the perceived crises the authors were witnessing, and both works were written with an obvious sense of urgency. These writers all put forward strongly worded and drastically different views of the fundamental nature of man. Alberti saw man as an active being seeking a classical education and a good family in which to raise children, Machiavelli perceived man as craving power and impossible to satisfy, and for Luther man was eternally sinful searching only for faith in God. More significant than their visions of human nature is the physical focus of that nature—body or soul—and how the origin of such a attitude was related to the period in which they were living. While Alberti’s vision of human nature focused on a man’s outward actions shaping his inner soul, Luther saw just the opposite, a man’s soul struggling to achieve what... ...lberti saw a great potential for man and wanted to outline his vision for others. Machiavelli saw man’s flaws and what it caused, and sought only a cold, practical solution without the nuisance of morals. Luther, devastated by the corruption of the ruling religious authority, wished to save Europe’s Christians from a way of life that would seal their fate as sinners. Works Cited Alberti. On the Family. Readings in Western Civilization 5: The Renaissance. Ed. Eric Cochrane and Julius Kirshner. The University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1986. The Making of the West, Volume B: 1320-1830. Ed. Lynn Hunt, et al. Bedford/St. Martin's: New York, 2001. Luther, Martin. On Christian Liberty. Trans. W. A. Lambert. Fortress Press: Minneapolis, 2003. Machiavelli, Niccolà ². The Prince. Trans. Harvey C. Mansfield. The University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1998.

tornadoes :: essays research papers

Tornadoes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most devastating natural disasters is the tornado. A tornado is so damaging due to its wind speeds. Of all the natural disasters, the tornado is the one that still has the most questions left unanswered. What we do know is that a tornado is a â€Å"violently rotating column of air† underneath a cumuliform cloud. This column of air is visible most of the time, but it does not always have to be. No one is exactly sure how tornadoes form, but most occur from supercells (Edwards 1). Supercells are simply violent rotating thunderstorms. It is impossible to predict exactly when and where a tornado will occur, but meteorologists are getting better. The purpose of this paper is not to inform you of the technicalities of a tornado, but rather to tell you about some of the worst tornadoes that have ever occurred.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The â€Å"Tri-State Tornado† is the worst tornado ever recorded. This tornado struck at 1:01 pm on March 18, 1925. For the next three and a half hours more people would be killed, more schools would be destroyed, and more deaths would occur in a single city than from any other tornado in U. S. history. This tornado struck the states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana. This tornado first touched down in Missouri, where it killed a farmer. This tornado went on to kill 12 more in Missouri. When it hit Illinois, devastation was at its worst. The town of Murphysboro, with 234 deaths, had the largest death toll ever recorded within a single city. With over 400 lives lost and over $10,000,000 in losses, Illinois suffered the most of the three states. In Indiana, multiple funnels were reportedly seen. The tornado had a base on the ground of over  ¾ of a mile wide. Seventy-one people died in Indiana. When it was all said and done the â€Å"Tri-State Tornado† had killed 695 people and injured over 2,000, which is why it is known as the deadliest tornado ever.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A series of tornadoes struck the central United States and spread damage all the way up to Ontario in 1974.

Critical Thinking and Sexual Decision

Critical Thinking and Sexual Decision PSY/265 January 18, 2013 Critical Thinking and Sexual Decision When using value systems for making sexual decisions, you are talking about legalism, Situational ethics, ethical revelation, hedonism, ascetism, utilitarianism and rationalism. Each of these value systems is another way of justifying why you make the decisions you make. According to Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus (2011) legalism is when people base their decisions on an external code of moral laws such as religion.Situational ethics is when people base their decisions on what they are facing at the present time. Ethical relativism is when people believe that there is more than one correct moral view and bases their decisions on their principles and their conscience. Hedonism is when people base their decision on if something feels good or not with no regard to any morals. Ascetism is the belief of self-denial of material and sexual desires, therefore making their decisions based o n that belief. Utilitarianism is when people base a decision on â€Å"the greatest good for the greatest number. Rationalism is when people base their decision after weighing the pros and cons about doing something. When it came to me personally I would have to say that I can see myself using two of the value systems. The first would be ethical relativism. Although I do not feel that there is one set of morals, I do base my decisions on my principles and my conscience. An example of this would be when a man thought that he could buy me. He told me that I could have anything I wanted, and that he would pay my bills, as well as making sure that my children would want for nothing and that all I had to do was sleep with him.The catch is, he was married. When facing this choice it was my principles and my conscience that made me say no. The second would be rationalism. The reason for this is because I always weigh the pros and cons before making any decision in my life. These decisions can be anything from how I spend my money, to whom I may have sex with. References: Rathus, S. A. , Nevid, J. S. , & Fichner-Rathus, L. (2011). Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity (8th ed. ). Boston, Massachusetts: Allyn